For many decades, mineral oils with or without dried mycobacteria, i.e. Complete and Incomplete Freund ́s Adjuvant, have been the most commonly used immune adjuvants for experimental work. Later on, better defined hydrocarbon oils such as pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane), squalene (2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22-tetracosa-hexane), or hexadecane have emerged and partially r...

This paper reviews dependence models for bivariate survival data, classifying them into the four groups: the shock model, the Freund model, the Clayton model, and the mixture model. The paper then concentrates on the mixture model, discussing the testing problem for the equality of marginal distributions under the Weibull type baseline hazard assumption. The new test proposed recently by Fujii ...

activated macrophages have been classified into classical (m1) and alternative (m2) macrophages. we aimed to establish a method to yield enough number of macrophages to analyze their molecular, biological and immunological functions. we used drugs; adjuvant albumin from chicken egg whites—imject alum (ova- alum) and ova complete freund adjuvant (ova-cfa), to induce macrophages to m2 and m1 resp...

Freund et al. introduced a framework of general sequential grammars. We study several aspects of this framework: (1) How to discuss accepting versus generating grammars in a general fashion. (2) How to integrate graph control within this framework. (3) We provide different multiset grammars as examples of this framework, leading us (for instance) to Petri nets and register machines. (4) We disc...

In this note we aim to study plane-wave limits of the solutions of type II superstring theories. We consider Freund-Rubin type dS5 ×H5 solutions of type IIB theory and obtain a new kind of plane-wave solutions, we refer them as de Sitter plane-waves or Dpp-waves. Considering Hull’s time-like T-duality we are able to map the Dpp wave solution to maximally supersymmetric Hpp-wave in IIB string th...

Roland SEIFERT,*§ Gunter SCHULTZ,* Martina RICHTER-FREUND,* Jorg METZGER,t Karl-Heinz WIESMULLER,t Gunther JUNG,t Wolfgang G. BESSLER$ and Sunna HAUSCHILDTt *Institut fur Pharmakologie, Freie Universitat Berlin, Thielallee 69/73, D-1000 Berlin 33, tInstitut fir Organische Chemie der Universitat, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-7400 Tiibingen, and tInstitut fur Immunbiologie der Universitat, Stefan-M...

Nicola Gökbuget,1 Daniel Stanze,1 Joachim Beck,2 Helmut Diedrich,3 Heinz-August Horst,4 Andreas Hüttmann,5 Guido Kobbe,6 Karl-Anton Kreuzer,7 Lothar Leimer,8 Albrecht Reichle,9 Markus Schaich,10 Stefan Schwartz,11 Hubert Serve,1 Michael Starck,12 Matthias Stelljes,13 Reingard Stuhlmann,14 Andreas Viardot,15 Knut Wendelin,16 Mathias Freund,17 and Dieter Hoelzer,1 on behalf of the German Multicen...

Reader's comments on an earlier draft, prepared in consultation with J. W. Hutchinson, C. F. Shih, and the ASME/AMD Technical Committee on Fracture Mechanics, provided by A. S. Argon, S. N. Atluri, J. L. Bassani, Z. P. Bazant, S. Das, G. J. Dvorak, L. B. Freund, D. A. Glasgow, M. F. Kanninen, W. G. Knauss, D. Krajcinovic, J D. Landes, H. Liebowitz, H. I. McHenry, R. O. Ritchie, R. A. Schapery, ...

We discuss the effective action for weak G2 compactifications of M-theory. The presence of fluxes acts as a source for the the axions and drives the Freund-Rubin parameter to zero. The result is a stable non-supersymmetric vacuum with a negative cosmological constant. We also give the superpotential which generates the effective potential and discuss a simple model which aims to incorporate the...

We discuss the effective action for weak G2 compactifications of M-theory. The presence of fluxes acts as a source for the the axions and drives the Freund-Rubin parameter to zero. The result is a stable non-supersymmetric vacuum with a negative cosmological constant. We also give the superpotential which generates the effective potential and discuss a simple model which aims to incorporate the...