Noted biologist and author John Tyler Bonner has experimented with cellular slime molds for more than sixty years, and he has done more than anyone else to raise these peculiar collections of amoebae from a minor biological curiosity to a major model organism--one that is widely studied for clues to the development and evolution of all living things. Now, five decades after he published his fir...

Infections with filamentous fungi are common in transplant recipients. The risk for aspergillosis and other invasive pulmonary mycosis (IPM) is high in patients undergoing stem cell and lung transplantations. The mortality rates range from 20% to 60% and depend on a number of risk factors. The typical manifestations of IPM are lung infiltrates, consolidations, and fungal tracheobronchitis. The ...

This work addresses the challenges in fabricating sub-10 nm sized features, dense sub-15 nm half-pitch arbitrary-pattern nanoimprint molds, as well as pattern transfer of the molds using nanoimprint. The molds were fabricated using an optimized electron-beam lithography process with hydrogen silsesquioxane HSQ resist. Two different mold-processing routes were investigated: 1 HSQ patterns on top...

We developed simple fabrication methods to effectively transfer the block copolymer nanopatterns to a substrate material. High aspect ratio, sub-20 nm nanopillar and nanohole structures are successfully fabricated in a SiO(2) layer in large area format, and the versatile utilities of these nanostructures as nanoimprint molds are studied. Nanoimprint lithography using these molds makes it possib...

Molds, a subset of the fungi, are ubiquitous on our planet. Fungi are found in every ecological niche, and are necessary for the recycling of organic building blocks that allow plants and animals to live. Included in the group "fungi" are yeasts, molds and mildews, as well as large mushrooms, puffballs and bracket fungi that grow on dead trees. Fungi need external organic food sources and water...