In hierarchical phrase-based machine translation, a rule table is automatically learned by heuristically extracting synchronous rules from a parallel corpus. As a result, spuriously many rules are extracted which may be composed of various incorrect rules. The larger rule table incurs more disk and memory resources, and sometimes results in lower translation quality. To resolve the problems, we...

In this work we propose an approach to label probabilistic synchronous context-free grammar (PSCFG) rules using only word tags, generated by either part-of-speech analysis or unsupervised word class induction. Our approach improves translation quality over the single generic label approach of Chiang (2005) on the NIST large resource Chinese-toEnglish translation task. These improvements persist...

In this paper we present a novel approach of utilizing Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) information to improve Hierarchical Phrasebased Machine Translation. We propose an algorithm to extract SRL-aware Synchronous Context-Free Grammar (SCFG) rules. Conventional Hiero-style SCFG rules will also be extracted in the same framework. Special conversion rules are applied to ensure that when SRL-aware SCF...

The site of synthesis and induction by clofibrate of peroxisomal 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (acetyl-CoA acyltransferase; EC 2.3.1.16) was investigated. Free and membrane-bound polyribosomal RNA species from the livers of normal rats and rats treated with clofibrate, a hypolipidaemic drug that causes marked proliferation of peroxisomes, were translated in a nuclease-treated rabbit reticulocyte-lysa...

Massive online collaboration could become a winning strategy to tear down the language barriers on the web, and in order for this to happen appropriate computer tools, like reliable machine translation systems and friendly postediting interfaces, should be widely available. However, community collaboration should not only involve the postediting of machine translations, but also the creation of...

The analysis of post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in plants has benefited greatly from the use of cell-free extract systems. Arabidopsis as a model system provides extensive genetic resources; however, to date a suitable cell-free translation system from Arabidopsis has not been available. In this study, we devised an Arabidopsis cell-free extract (ACE) to be used for in vitro translat...

The author discusses the translation method used in Fathul Qorib book. formulation of problem is: 1. What are methods book? 2. is suitable for translating book fathul qorib? purpose this study to describe and find out: by translator Qorib. kind research a qualitative descriptive literature research. And technique reading, writing studying as well analyzing data with documentation. It can be con...

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic in vitro translation systems have recently become the focus of increasing interest for tackling fundamental problems in biochemistry. Cell-free systems can now be used to study the in vitro assembly of membrane proteins and viral particles, rapidly produce and analyze protein mutants, and enlarge the genetic code by incorporating unnatural amino acids. Using in vitro ...

We present cdec, an open source framework for decoding, aligning with, and training a number of statistical machine translation models, including word-based models, phrase-based models, and models based on synchronous context-free grammars. Using a single unified internal representation for translation forests, the decoder strictly separates model-specific translation logic from general rescori...

A common modeling choice in syntax-based statistical machine translation is the use of synchronous context-free grammars, or SCFGs. When training a translation model in a supervised setting, an SCFG is extracted from parallel text that has been statistically word-aligned and parsed by monolingual statistical parsers. However, the set of syntactic category labels used in a monolingual statistica...