Background: Semen cryopreservation is the most important section of artificial insemination programs; it allows preservation of semen fertility for a long time. Materials and Methods: The aim of the present study was to detect the effect of in vitro supplementation of 4-hydroxy Tempo on fresh and frozen spermatozoa quality of buffalo bulls. Five healthy buffalo bulls (5 ejaculates from each bul...

The use of ancient DNA (aDNA) in the reconstruction of population origins and evolution is becoming increasingly common. Novel methods exist for the isolation, purification, and analysis of aDNA because these DNA templates are likely to be damaged, fragmented and?or associated with non-nucleic acid material. However, contamination of ancient specimens and DNA extracts with modern DNA is more wi...

DNA extraction methods for genotyping non-invasive samples have led to great advances in molecular research for ecological studies, and have been particularly useful for analyzing threatened species. However, scarce amounts of fragmented DNA and the presence of Taq polymerase inhibitors in non-invasive samples are potential problems for subsequent PCR amplifications. In this study we describe a...

We study the determinants of asset market fragmentation in a model with strategic investors that disagree about value an asset. Investors’ choices determine structure. Fragmented markets are supported equilibrium when disagreement between is low. In this case, take same side and willing to trade smaller higher price impact face less competition trading against dealer. The maximum degree increas...

We describe a novel pharmacological activity of the gentian root, an ingredient of Chinese medicines. Root extract from Gentiana triflora triggered cell death of human Daudi cells in culture. In addition, daily administration of the extract to mice inhibited growth of implanted solid tumors. Extract treatment of cultured cells resulted in the appearance of shranken, fragmented, or condensed cel...

Purified fibroin protein can be obtained in large quantities from silk fibers and processed to form microscopic particles as delivery vehicles for therapeutic agents. In this study, we demonstrated that fibroin microspheres were taken up by 3T3 cells, localized in the nonlysosomal compartment, and secreted from the cytoplasm after medium replenishment. DNA-loaded microspheres were taken up by >...

Varicocele is one of the most common causes of low semen quality, which is reflected in high percentages of sperm cells with fragmented DNA. While varicocelectomy is usually performed to ameliorate a patient's fertility, its impact on sperm DNA integrity in the case of subclinical varicocele is poorly documented. In this study, multiple DNA fragmentation analyses (TUNEL, SCD, and SCSA) were per...