In experiments investigating vertical squat jumping, the HAT segment is typically defined as a line drawn from the hip to some point proximally on the upper body (eg, the neck, the acromion), and the hip joint as the angle between this line and the upper legs (θUL-HAT). In reality, the hip joint is the angle between the pelvis and the upper legs (θUL-pelvis). This study aimed to estimate to wha...

In this paper, after analyzing the reasons of poor generalization and overfitting in neural networks, we consider some noise data as a singular value of a continuous function jump discontinuity point. The continuous part can be approximated with the simplest neural networks, which have good generalization performance and optimal network architecture, by traditional algorithms such as constructi...

[1] A dynamically driven mechanism occurring above severe thunderstorms is described, which can explain the jumping cirrus phenomenon. A three-dimensional, nonhydrostatic cloud model is used to perform numerical simulation of a supercell that occurred in Montana in 1981. The jumping cirrus phenomenon is reproduced in the simulated storm. Analysis of the model results shows that the jumping cirr...

A Preble's meadow jumping mouse (Zapus hudsonius preblei) parasitized by five grey flesh fly (Wohlfahrtia vigil) larvae was discovered at the United States Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs, Colorado (USA), in June 1998. This is the first documented case of grey flesh fly parasitism of jumping mice (Family Dipodidae). The lesion was approximately 6 mm wide and was partially hidden under a m...

Jumping spiders (Salticidae) are renowned for a behavioral repertoire that can seem more vertebrate, or even mammalian, than spider-like in character. This is made possible by a unique visual system that supports their stalking hunting style and elaborate mating rituals in which the bizarrely marked and colored appendages of males highlight their song-and-dance displays. Salticids perform these...

Locusts jump by using a catapult mechanism in which energy produced by slow contractions of the extensor tibiae muscles of the hind legs is stored in distortions of the exoskeleton, most notably (1) the two semi-lunar processes at each knee joint and (2) the tendons of the extensor muscles themselves. The energy is then suddenly released from these stores to power the rapid, propulsive movement...

In this paper we learn the skills required by real-time physics-based avatars to perform parkour-style fast terrain crossing using a mix of running, jumping, speed-vaulting, and drop-rolling. We begin with a single motion capture example of each skill and then learn reduced-order linear feedback control laws that provide robust execution of the motions during forward dynamic simulation. We then...

Harmine (HA) induces a jumping behavior in rats when the central dopaminergic function has been activated. Possible involvement of the GABAergic systems and the benzodiazepine receptors (BZA-R) in the jumping behavior induced by HA and apomorphine (APO) was investigated. Pretreatment with GABAergic agonists, muscimol (0.05-0.2 mg/kg) and diazepam (0.2-1.0 mg/kg), and antagonists, picrotoxin (0....

With regard to the traditional MGM (1, m) model having jumping error in solving process, an direct prediction (denoted as DMGM model) is proposed and its solution method put forward at first. Second, considering inherent time development trend of system behavior sequence ignored model, optimized by introducing a polynomial term, can be abbreviated TPDMGM m, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/M...

There have been considerable changes in equipment design and movement patterns in the past few years both in alpine skiing and ski-jumping. These developments have been matched by methods of analysing movements in field conditions. They have yielded new insights into the skills of these specific winter sports. Analytical techniques have included electromyography, kinetic and kinematic methods a...