Most Candida infections are related to microbial biofilms often formed by the association of different species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interactions between Candida albicans and non-albicans species in biofilms formed in vitro. The non-albicans species studied were:Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata and Candida krusei. Single and mixed biofilms (formed by clinical isol...

Aim: To assess the bacteriological quality of ice creams marketed in Thrissur town, Kerala. Materials and Methods: Twenty seven ice cream samples randomly collected from selected retail outlets and street vendors in the town over a period of two months were analyzed for total viable count and for the presence of coliforms, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp. and Listeria mo...

The radiometric method has been used to detect the presence of bacteria in serial dilutions of nine bacterial species with and without agitation. It was also found that the detection time is proportional to the dilution showing high sensitivity down to one colony forming unit and the agitation resulted in different manners depending upon bacterial species (JPMA 37 : 34 , 1987).

The rugose colony variant of Vibrio cholerae O1, biotype El Tor, is shown to produce an exopolysaccharide, EPSETr, that confers chlorine resistance and biofilm-forming capacity. EPSETr production requires a chromosomal locus, vps, that contains sequences homologous to carbohydrate biosynthesis genes of other bacterial species. Mutations within this locus yield chlorine-sensitive, smooth colony ...

Anoxybacillus geothermalis strain GSsed3 is an endospore-forming thermophilic bacterium isolated from filter deposits in a geothermal site. This novel species has a larger genome size (7.2 Mb) than that of any other Anoxybacillus species, and it possesses genes that support its phenotypic metabolic characterization and suggest an intriguing link to metals.

Direct injection electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) without prior analyte separation was investigated for the analysis of whole cell suspensions of bacteria. Thirty-six strains of aerobic endospore-forming bacteria, consisting of six Bacillus species and one Brevibacillus species, were studied

We propose the ecosystem of self-replicating loops on CA by designing new rules for interactions between replicators. Here, the replicators interact with each other by forming a competition relationship (a hypercycle-like network). The spiral structure emerges in this model with in 5 species. This spiral pattern produces larger loops in the bounaries of species. Comparing with a single species ...

Niching techniques for evolutionary algorithms are aimed at maintaining the diversity through forming subpopulations (species) in multi-modal domains. Similar techniques may be applied to evolutionary multi-agent systems, which provide a decentralised model of evolution. In this paper a specific EMAS realisation is presented, in which the new species formation occurs as a result of co-evolution...

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SPECIES Lactobacillus paracasei is a Gram-positive, non-spore forming, homofermentative rod that is a common inhabitant of the human intestinal tract (1,2). L. paracasei strains are also found naturally in fermented vegetables, milk and meat. Strains of this species are used in many food products, including traditional fermented milks and cheese. Selected strains of this ...

Canopy-forming seaweeds, as primary producers and foundation species, provide key ecological services. Their responses to multiple stressors associated with climate change could therefore have important knock-on effects on the functioning of coastal ecosystems. We examined interactive effects of UVB radiation and warming on juveniles of three habitat-forming subtidal seaweeds from Western Austr...