Networks of marine reserves are increasingly a major component of many ecosystem-based management plans designed to conserve biodiversity, protect the structure and function of ecosystems, and rebuild and sustain fisheries. There is a growing need for scientific guidance in the design of network-wide monitoring programs to evaluate the efficacy of reserves at meeting their conservation and mana...

We used the global fire detection record provided by the satellite-based Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) to determine the number of fires detected inside 823 tropical and subtropical moist forest reserves and for contiguous buffer areas 5, 10, and 15 km wide. The ratio of fire detection densities (detections per square kilometer) inside reserves to their contiguous buffer ...

This paper argues that the Bank of Japan shrank from doing the right thing because it required the adoption of unconventional policies that might lose the Bank its newly acquired independence. Taka Ito frankly recognises that this argument has a problem: the Bank of Japan adopted two and a half of the recommended unconventional policies: increasing excess reserves, buying government bonds and b...

From the principles of national income accounting, which require ultimately a balanced set of double-entry accounts, a deficit in any one of the public, private and overseas sectors must be offset by a net surplus in the other two. If private savings are insufficient to finance the government deficit and private investment—that is the nation as a whole spends more than it earns—it becomes indeb...

Economic growth of Bangladesh largely depends on unskilled and skill overseas manpower. Bangladesh is called an over populated country. She has much manpower but most of them are unskilled. So, Bangladesh is as one of the highest unskilled labor sending countries in the world and is gaining foreign remittance. After analysis the questionnaire survey, it has found that maximum labors are not sat...

Fully-protected marine reserves can function at several spatial scales, from a single area encompassing few habitats, to local networks of many habitats, to large-scale networks connected by larval dispersal. However, the amount, spatial distribution, and associated administrative attributes of Caribbean marine reserves are collectively unknown. We compiled information on reserves from 21 count...