The term focal epithelial hyperplasia was introduced in 1965 to describe certain multiple nodular elevations of the oral mucosa observed among American Indians in New Mexico, USA and Mato Grossa district in Brazil. Since then it has been reported from several other countries including Iraq, Israel and South Africa. We report two cases of this disorder from North Western Frontier Province of Pak...

Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is the second most common tumor of the liver after hepatic hemangioma. FNH is usually asymptomatic, rarely grows or bleeds, and has no malignant potential. Therefore, FNH is discovered in most patients incidentally during cross-sectional imaging, angiography, radionuclide liver scanning, or surgery. Although FNH usually has no clinical significance, recognition o...

Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and hemangioma are benign and generally asymptomatic hepatic tumors. With distinctive imaging findings on dynamic computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), differentiation of these benign hepatic tumors from metastases can be made. We described imaging findings of these hepatic lesions in a 57-year-old man who presented with rectal adenocarci...

Since 1973 a number of investigators have reported an association between liver neoplasia and steroid usage. Through referral material we have examined the histology of over 250 cases of hepatic neoplasia, most in patients receiving steroid medications. The majority have been benign, predominantly focal nodular hyperplasia (55%) and hepatocellular adenoma (39%). The average age was 31.4 years; ...

Benign liver tumors occur frequently, and are often encountered incidentally as a consequence of the widespread use of imaging tests and often have a benign course. They are a heterogeneous group of lesions with different cellular origin. In most cases, they are accurately diagnosed by non-invasive radiologic imaging techniques. The most common benign hepatic tumors include cavernous hemangioma...

Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) are benign tumors that occur in otherwise normal liver parenchyma. FNH is considered to be the result of a hyperplastic response to increased blood flow secondary to vascular malformations. Most FNH are polyclonal and to date, the molecular pathway and mechanisms that are altered in FNH have yet to be elucidated. In contrast, HC...