We studied 31 subjects with severe leg ischemia and 29 age-matched nonischemic control subjects to compare preamputation assessments of leg ischemia using laser Doppler imaging (LDI), transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (TcPO(2)), and transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (TcPCO(2)). TcPO(2) and TcPCO(2) were evaluated with Novametrix Medical Systems, Inc, monitors (Wallingfor...

A large-eddy simulation is modified to include multiple scalars emitted by a plant canopy. Each of these scalars is subjected to varying rates of chemical loss. Presented is a detailed comparison between conserved species and species undergoing firstand second-order chemical loss. Profiles of mean mixing ratio, mixing-ratio variance and vertical mixing-ratio flux reveal the influence of chemica...

Surface momentum, sensible heat, and latent heat fluxes are critical for atmospheric processes such as clouds and precipitation, and are parameterized in a variety of models ranging from cloud-resolving models to largescale weather and climatemodels. However, direct evaluation of the parameterization schemes for these surface fluxes is rare due to limited observations. This study takes advantag...

Folic acid treatment decreases plasma total homocysteine concentrations in healthy subjects, but the effects on homocysteine metabolism are unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of 3 weeks of oral treatment with 5 mg of folic acid on one-carbon flux rates in 12 healthy subjects, using in vivo stable isotope methods. In addition, we determined the effect of folic acid on bloo...

This paper introduces a relatively simple method for recovering global fields of latent heat flux. The method focuses on specifying Bowen ratio estimates through exploiting air temperature and vapour pressure measurements obtained from infrared soundings of the AIRS (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder) sensor onboard NASA’s Aqua platform. Through combining these Bowen ratio retrievals with satellite ...

Recent observations of the Crab pulsar by the Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory show that the highenergy gamma-ray light curve has changed little over the lifetime of the instrument. Previous data collected by SAS-2 and COS-B in the years 1972-82, along with earlier EGRET data, suggested a 14 year sinusoidal variation in the flux ratio between...

Aims. The interpretation of hard X-ray emission from galaxy clusters is still ambiguous and different models proposed can be probed using various observational methods. Here we explore a new method based on Fe line observations. Methods. Spectral line emissivities have usually been calculated for a Maxwellian electron distribution. In this paper a generalized approach to calculate the iron line...

In this paper an analysis and simulation of UI structure (actuator and rail) used in electromagnetic levitation system (EMLS) has been performed utilizing ANSYS software. For the successful implementation of any EMLS the proper selection and design of actuator and guide-way is important. The design of actuator is primarily controlled by the input power to lift power ratio and lift power magnet ...

Evaluation of volcanic and hydrothermal fluxes to the surface environments is important to elucidate the geochemical cycle of sulphur and the evolution of ocean chemistry. This paper presents S/(3)He ratios of vesicles in mid-ocean ridge (MOR) basalt glass together with the ratios of high-temperature hydrothermal fluids to calculate the sulphur flux of 100 Gmol/y at MOR. The S/(3)He ratios of h...

Microscale fluid dynamics has received intensive interest due to the emergence of microelectromechanical systems technology. When the mean free path of the gas is comparable to the channel’s characteristic dimension, the continuum assumption is no longer valid and velocity slip and temperature jump may occur at the duct walls. Slip flow heat transfer in annular microchannels has been examined. ...