High fluence ion implantation of Ga ions was conducted on heated Zircaloy-4 in the range of 10-10 Ga ions/cm2. Surface effects were studied using SEM and electron microprobe analysis. The depth profile of Ga in the Zircaloy was characterized with Rutherford backscattering and SIMS techniques. Results indicate that the Zirc-4 is little affected up to a fluence of 10 Ga ions/cm. After implantatio...

Recent measurements of transmission versus fluence for a methanol-solvated asymmetric pentaazadentate porphyrin-like (APPC) cadmium complex, @(C6H4 – APPC)Cd]Cl, showed the limitations of current energy-level models in predicting the transmission behavior of organic reverse saturable absorbers at fluences greater than 1 J/cm2. A new model has been developed that incorporates higher-order triple...

The penetration of 14-MeV neutrons into five representative soils is investigated with two independent neutron transport calculational procedures. From Monte Carlo and discreteordinates codes, the spatial distribution of the thermal fluence and the capture of neutrons in the soils is determined for two neutron source geometries. Finally, empirical approximations of the thermal neutron fluence i...

The light receptor and its mode of operation were studied in photosensitive oospores of Nitella furcata subsp. megacarpa (Allen emend. Wood). Brief pulses of light activated maximal germination of post-secondary dormant oospores removed from lake sediments. Fluence response data at 12 wavelengths were used to construct an action spectrum for germination. The shape of the action spectrum with it...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cavitation bubbles have been shown to be the driving force of tissue cutting in 193 nm ArF excimer laser-based vitreoretinal microsurgery. In the present work we investigate the dynamics of cavitation bubbles inside a gelatin gel in a saline environment using fast flash microphotography. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS The screening influence of the saline medium w...

We have studied UV photolysis of solid ammonia and ammonia-dihydrate samples at 40 K, using infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and microgravimetry. We have shown that in the pure NH(3) sample, the main species ejected are NH(3), H(2), and N(2), where the hydrogen and nitrogen increase with laser fluence. This increase in N(2) ejection with laser fluence explains the increase in mass loss...

The solid-state nuclear track detector CR-39 is widely used as a detecting mechanism in physics experiments as well as for industrial purposes such as neutron dosimetry and radon detection. The upper limit of detectable charged-particle fluence on CR-39 is set by physical overlapping or ‘pulse pileup’ of particle tracks on the surface. In the low-overlap regime the overlapping fraction of track...

Employing the Nonghua 5 peanut as experimental material, the effects of low energy C(+) ion implantation on caulis height, root length, dry weight, photosynthetic characteristics and leaf water use efficiency (WUE) of Peanut Ml Generation were studied. Four fluences were observed in the experiment. The results showed that ion implantation harmed the peanut seeds because caulis height, root leng...

Vitreous silica is the material of choice for transmissive and diffractive optics in high-power laser chains. The intensity delivered by high-power lasers for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is limited by optical breakdown in the silica [1]. Laser-induced damage (LID) in fused silica windows is often observed to initiate at the rear surface. The LID threshold (LIDT) defines the fluence where ...

Reduced activation ferritic-martensitic steel F82H was irradiated with 5 keV helium ions to introduce the surface damage. After the irradiation, the irradiated F82H was continuously exposed to 1.7 keV deuterium ions. The effects of the damages introduced by the helium ion irradiation on deuterium retention and desorption behavior of F82H were investigated. The HD desorption had a peak at around...