The mathematical, four-layer model of the LDL transport across the arterial wall including the sensitivity of the transport coefficients to the wall shear stress (WSS) is studied. In that model the advection–diffusion equations in porous media are used to determine the LDL concentration profiles in each layer of the arterial wall. We demonstrate the effect of the giant accumulation of the LDL i...

Background Coronary arterial wall imaging is a promising non-invasive tool for quantitative assessment of arterial remodeling. Conventional techniques mandate imaging during cardiac rest period as well as nulling the blood signal inside the arterial lumen in order to generate an appropriate lumen-wall contrast. These constraints limited the use of coronary wall imaging. Recently, phase-sensitiv...

Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease. Adults with diabetes are two to four times more likely to develop heart disease or stroke than adults without diabetes. The two major features of diabetes, i.e., hyperglycemia and insulin-resistance, trigger arterial stiffening and increase the susceptibility of the arterial wall to atherosclerosis at a...

BACKGROUND The computation of arterial wall deformation and stresses under physiologic conditions requires a coupled compliant arterial wall-blood flow interaction model. The in-vivo arterial wall motion is constrained by tethering from the surrounding tissues. This tethering, together with the average in-vivo pressure, results in wall pre-stress. For an accurate simulation of the physiologic c...

OBJECTIVES It has been postulated that in the arterial system mean wall shear stress is maintained at a constant value. The present study was performed to investigate the level of wall shear stress in the common carotid artery (CCA) as function of age and possible interactions between diameter and storage capacity, defined as the absolute area change per heart beat, with mean wall shear stress....

This paper compares two models predicting elastic and viscoelastic properties of large arteries. Models compared include a Kelvin (standard linear) model and an extended 2-term exponential linear viscoelastic model. Models were validated against in-vitro data from the ovine thoracic descending aorta and the carotid artery. Measurements of blood pressure data were used as an input to predict ves...

In this paper, we present a segmentation and tracking method based on hidden Markov model (HMM) to detect the outer coronary arterial wall in intravascular images. The proposed method tracks a set of hidden states representing the border location on a set of normal lines obtained from the previous frame. The border observation is derived from a classification-based cost function and a shape pri...

BACKGROUND The arterial wall possesses several functional and structural properties that define arterial health. Once they become impaired, cardiovascular risk increases. We aimed to ascertain the pattern of correlations among different arterial wall properties and to explore their relations to traditional risk factors and cardiovascular risk stratification. To allow such an investigation a mid...

Assessing arterial-wall motion and deformations may reveal pathologic alterations in biomechanical properties of the parietal tissues and, thus, contribute to detection vascular disease onset. Ultrasound image sequences allow observation this many methods have been developed estimate temporal changes artery diameter wall thickness track 2-D displacements selected points. Some enable assessment ...

I ncreased risk of cardiovascular disease and events associated with aortic stiffening has been attributed both to the hemodynamic consequences of stiffening and to this being a marker for an age-related degeneration of the arterial wall predisposing to arterial disease. 1 There are several measures of arterial stiffness. Indeed, the term stiffness, which does not have a physical definition, wa...