To investigate the biomechanical performances of artificial cervical disc (ACD) prostheses, many studies have been conducted, either with sections cadavers under physiological loads or block-like testing fixtures obeying ASTM F2346 standard. Unfortunately, both methods are almost impossible to utilize for accurate results lifetime anti-fatigue experiments at least 10 million cycles due difficul...

Cranial implants are used to secure intracranial structures, reconstruct the skull contour, normalise cerebral haemodynamic and repair cranial defects. Larger bone defects require intervention for from an implant made autologous or other material. To such using implants, materials necessitate biocompatibility with natural bone. Patient-specific designed specific following standard procedures de...

Abstract Fixtures are commonly employed in production as work holding devices that keep the workpiece immobilized while machined. The workpiece’s deformation, which affects machining precision, is greatly influenced by positioning of fixture elements around workpiece. By locators and clamps appropriately, deformation might be decreased. Therefore, it required to model fixture–workpiece system’s...

One of the most critical issues related to current application virtual reality during design appraisal is inability have a collaborative environment where group geographically remote stakeholders can interact and communicate effectively in real-time. This paper addresses this shortcoming by proposing furniture, fixture equipment (COFFEE) that allows concurrent multi-users interact, collaborate ...

Part tolerances and fixture layouts are two pivotal factors in the geometrical quality of a compliant assembly. The independent design optimization these for assemblies have been thoroughly studied. However, this paper presents dependency and, consequently, demand an integrated them. A method is developed order to address issue by utilizing variation simulation tools evolutionary algorithms. Th...

The geometric errors in the manufacturing process can be reduced by optimal positioning of the fixture elements in the fixture to make the workpiece stiff. We propose a new fixture layout optimization method N-3-2-1 for large metal sheets in this paper that combines the genetic algorithm and finite element analysis. The objective function in this method is to minimize the sum of the nodal defle...