Introduction: MRI-based quantification of the cartilage thickness is a robust and well validated technique for the assessment of cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis [1], and for the analysis of cartilage deformations after exercise [2]. Nowadays changes in cartilage thickness are evaluated by comparing averaged thickness over regions defined on an anatomical basis [1]. However, the combinat...

The effect of pre-gamma irradiation on track density, bulk etch rate and light absorbance in CR-39 was investigated. CR-39 detectors were irradiated with gamma doses over a range of 0 to 280 kGy (0 to 28 Mrad). The detectors were overlaid with 0.77 mm of polyethylene and exposed to a known fluence of 252Cf spontaneous fission neutrons. All detectors were then etched in 6.25N sodium hydroxide so...

current practices in railway track analysis and design are reviewed and discussed in this paper. the mechanical behavior of railway track structure comprising of various components has not been fully understood due to the railway track structural complexity. although there have been some improvements in the accuracy of current track design methods in recent decades, there are still considerable...