Expression of the Bacillus subtilis hut operon is subject to regulation by catabolite repression. A set of hut-lacZ transcriptional fusions was constructed and used to identify two cis-acting sites involved in catabolite repression. The hutOCR1 operator site lies immediately downstream of the hut promoter and weakly regulates hut expression in response to catabolite repression. The downstream h...

This article discusses how state suppression of human rights activism and restrictions on civil society are likely to impact the implementation United Nations’ International Decade Indigenous Languages (2022–2032, hereafter “the Decade”). We focus China, India, Indonesia, three most populous linguistically diverse countries in Asia. Drawing a range reports from organizations materials academic ...

The internet is a double-edged sword: civilians can mobilise it to assemble and voice dissent, but illiberal regimes also weaponise consolidate power suppress any form of opposition. Internet shutdowns – intentional disruptions services represent one method used limit citizens’ freedom expression, information, peaceful assembly other associated rights in the name national security. Julia Ryng, ...

Social unrest often begins suddenly and spreads quickly. What is the information that drives its diffusion? How this transmitted? And who responds to information? We present a general framework emphasizes three aspects of diffusion process: networks through which travels, whether about repression affects participation, role organizers. use derive empirical hypotheses we test in context English ...

This article explores academic freedom as it relates to scholarly publishing. While most discussions of a human right focus on threats individuals’ personal safety and careers, we open this out include the ‘soft repression’ that is possible encounter during publication process, its potential impact record. An overview given some ethical issues encountered by editors publishers working with auth...

The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (RB) is targeted for inactivation in the majority of human tumors, underscoring its critical role in attenuating cellular proliferation. RB inhibits proliferation by repressing the transcription of genes that are essential for cell cycle progression. To repress transcription, RB assembles multiprotein complexes containing chromatin-modifying enzymes, ...

While catabolite repression by glucose has been studied extensively and is understood in large detail in Enterobacteriaceae, catabolite repression by carbohydrates that are not transported by the phosphotransferase system (PTS) has always remained an enigma. Examples of non-PTS carbohydrates that cause catabolite repression in Escherichia coli are gluconate, lactose and glucose 6-phosphate. In ...