A two-year (2018/19 and 2019/20) field experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of recently developed fungicide combinations (with different modes action) towards fungal diseases on seven bread eight durum wheat varieties. The trial performed at FIELDLAB experimental station University Perugia (Italy). were assessed under natural pressure except for Fusarium head blight (FHB) which a...

The occurrence of denitrification and nitrate respiration among eukaryotes has been established during the last few decades. However, denitrification-related eukaryotic genes have been isolated from only a few fungi, and eukaryotic denitrification (or nitrate respiration) is still inadequately understood. In this study, we identified genes that were up-regulated under denitrifying conditions in...

In 2022, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the efficacy of fungicide programs on Fusarium head blight (FHB) and deoxynivalenol (DON) levels. Fungicide treatments were evaluated in plots hard red winter wheat cultivar ‘KanMark’ inoculated with graminearum Parsons, KS. Treatments consisted single application Prosaro, Caramba, Miravis Ace, Prosaro Pro, or Sphaerex at early anthesis (...

Cell death occurs under various developmental and stress conditions. Its involvement in plant response to pathogen attacks has been well studied model Arabidopsis thaliana. In our present work, Fumonisin B1, a toxin from Fusarium verticillioides, major fungal of cereals, was used as biotic stressor trigger responses two wheat cultivars. B1 induced cell both head blight (FHB) resistant FHB susce...

Crop disease identification and monitoring is an important research topic in smart agriculture. In particular, it a prerequisite for detection the mapping of infected areas. Wheat fusarium head blight (FHB) serious threat to quality yield wheat, so rapid wheat FHB important. This study proposed method based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) low-altitude remote sensing multispectral imaging techn...

The Fusarium graminearum species complex (Fg complex) consists of phylogenetically distinct species some of which cannot be discriminated based on their morphology. Their chemotypes and geographic distributions are dramatically different, and these highlight the challenges that Fusarium head blight (FHB) poses to plant disease specialists and plant breeders, thereby requiring that quarantine of...

Fusarium graminearum is the causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Gibberella ear rot (GER), two devastating diseases of wheat, barley, and maize. Furthermore, F. graminearum species can produce type B trichothecene mycotoxins that accumulate in grains. Use of FHB and GER resistant cultivars is one of the most promising strategies to reduce damage induced by F. graminearum. Combined wit...

Large samples of Field Horizontal Branch (FHB) stars make excellent tracers of the Galactic halo; by studying their kinematics, one can infer important physical properties of our Galaxy. Here we present the results of a medium-resolution spectroscopic survey of 530 FHB stars selected from the Hamburg/ESO survey. The stars have a mean distance of ∼ 7 kpc and thus probe the inner parts of the Mil...