abstract   background: hydronephrosis is the most common congenital condition that is detected by prenatal ultrasonography. moreover, the widespread use of prenatal ultrasonography results in an increased recognition of fetal hydronephrosis. prenatal hydronephrosis is diagnosed at an incidence of 1:100 to 1:500 by ultrasonographic studies. the presence of hydronephrosis is not synonymous with o...

Widespread use of fetal ultrasonography is accompanied by more frequent detection of antenatal hydronephrosis. Therefore, sonographic evaluation of neonates with a history of antenatal hydronephrosis is becoming more widespread. As an initial postnatal non-invasive imaging modality, ultrasonography is used to screen for persistence of hydronephrosis, determine the level and severity of obstruct...

Objective: Placental implants in the cervical canal may occur result patients with placenta previa that lead to bleeding after placental removal. Bleeding from can be stopped by inserting Cook Ripening Balloon. Case Presentation: A 31-week pregnant an was brought emergency clinic a complaint of vaginal bleeding, and active observed. Ultrasonography showed fetus fetal bradycardia previa. The pat...