the study was undertaken to elucidatethe beneficial effects of goat follicular fluid (gff) added to maturation and culture media on in vitro maturation, fertilization and post-fertilization development of oocytes in black bengal goats. follicular fluid and oocytes were collected from slaughter house goat’s ovaries using the aspiration technique. media were prepared using tcm-199 supplemented wi...

1. The development of Ca2+ and K+ currents was studied in ascidian muscle cells at twelve embryonic stages from gastrulation to the mature cell, a period of 24 h. A high degree of co-ordination occurs between the development of the inwardly rectifying K+ current (IK(IR)), which sets the resting potential, and Ca2+ and outward K+ currents, which determine action potential waveform. 2. At neurula...

The developmental changes in the equine conceptus, its maternal environment and their interaction during the first 4 weeks following fertilization are reviewed. Attention is drawn to species-specific events to show why the horse is such a valuable model in which to study early pregnancy.

Seed size is a key determinant of evolutionary fitness, and is also one of the most important components of seed yield. In angiosperms, seed development begins with double fertilization, which leads to the formation of a diploid embryo and a triploid endosperm. The outermost layer of the seed is the seed coat, which differentiates from maternal integuments. Therefore, the size of a seed is dete...

Sexual reproduction in plants requires elongation of the pollen tube through the transmitting tissues toward the ovary. Tube growth rate is a major determinant of pollen competitive ability. We report that a K(+) channel of the Shaker family in Arabidopsis, SPIK, plays an important role in pollen tube development. SPIK was found to be specifically expressed in pollen. When SPIK was heterologous...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ovarian tissue vitrification and two-step in vitro culture on the metaphase II (MII) oocyte reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) expression and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity. After collection of neonatal mouse ovaries, 45 ovaries were vitrified and the others (n = 45) were...