Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Modify Plasma Lipids and Red Blood Cell Membrane Composition but Do Not Induce ∆6 Desaturase Mediated Conversions in the Domestic Feline. (May 2008) Melena Kathleen McClure, B.S., The University of Texas at Austin Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. John E. Bauer This study explored the effects of dietary unsaturated fatty acids on feline lipid metabolism. It wa...

The regulation of lipogenesis mechanisms related to consumption of n-3 PUFA is poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to find out whether α-linolenic acid (ALA) or DHA uptake can have an effect on activities and gene expressions of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism in the liver, subcutaneous adipose tissue and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of growing-finishing pigs. Six groups o...

Inflows of coloured terrestrial organic matter cause seawater browning and reduced phytoplankton production in subarctic coastal ecosystems, potentially deteriorating the nutritional quality marine food webs. We analyzed fatty-acid (FA) compositions seston zooplankton taxa Eurytemora affinis cladocerans at three locations northern Baltic Sea. At northerly locations, salinity phosphorus concentr...

Background: Co-supplementation of unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) with saturated FAs may decrease the adverse effects of saturated FA-induced lipotoxicity. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of palmitoleic acid (unsaturated fatty acid) on palmitic acid (saturated fatty acid) induced lipotoxicity criteria in the primary culture of adult rat cardiomyocytes. Methods: Ce...

Sargassum seaweeds produce abundant biomass in China and have long been used as herbal medicine and food. Their characteristic fatty acid (FA) profiles and related potential function in promoting cardiovascular health (CVH) have not been systematically investigated. In this study, FA profiles of four medicinal Sargassum were characterized using GC-MS. Principal component analysis was used to di...

BACKGROUND There is growing interest in the fatty acid composition of breast milk and substitute formulas used to replace or complement infant breastfeeding. AIM The aims of this study were to assess the impact of two follow-up infant formulas based on cow milk fat, vegetable oils and different docosahexaenoic (DHA) and arachidonic (ARA) acid content on red blood cell membrane fatty acid comp...

Materials and Methods The ability of the dairy cows to increase daily energy intake depends on the net energy density of the diet. The daily Dry Matter Intake (DMI) is highly regulated by animal nutrient requirements, metabolic states, and the type and temporal absorption of fuels. Fat supplements from different sources, its form and type has different hypophagic effects [1]. Previous reports i...

Fatty acid signature analysis (FASA) is a powerful ecological tool that uses essential fatty acids (FA) from the tissues of animals to indicate aspects of diet. However, the presence of vertical stratification in FA distribution throughout blubber complicates the application of FASA to marine mammals. Blubber biopsy samples were collected from adult female southern elephant seals (Mirounga leon...

The oil contents and fatty acid (FA) compositions of ten new and one wild Camellia oleifera varieties were investigated. Oil contents in camellia seeds from new C. oleifera varied with cultivars from 41.92% to 53.30% and were affected by cultivation place. Average oil content (47.83%) of dry seeds from all ten new cultivars was almost the same as that of wild common C. oleifera seeds (47.06%). ...

Obesity-related diseases now threaten to reach epidemic proportions in the United States. Here we review in a rodent model of genetic obesity, the fa/fa Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat, the mechanisms involved in the most common complications of diet-induced human obesity, i.e., noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and myocardial dysfunction. In ZDF rats, hyperphagia leads to hyperinsulinemi...