Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) facilitate melanoma cell extravasation under dynamic flow conditions by the binding of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on melanoma cells to beta2 integrins on PMNs, which is mediated by endogenously produced chemokine interleukin 8 (IL-8) from the tumor microenvironment. However, little is known about the role of B-Raf, the most mutated gene in mal...

Background: Obstructive nephropathy is an uncommon side effect of sulfadiazine, which is used for the treatment of toxoplasmosis. We present a case of acute renal colic and urine extravasation of a patient shortly after she was started on this medication. Case Presentation: A 31-year-old female presented with acute renal colic 2 weeks after starting treatment with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine...

1. In this study, we examined the mechanism(s) by which s.c. nicotine inhibits synovial plasma extravasation. We found that nicotine dose-dependently inhibited bradykinin (BK)- and platelet activating factor (PAF)-induced plasma extravasation. 2. The effect of nicotine on both BK- and PAF-induced plasma extravasation was attenuated by adrenal medullectomy. ICI-118,551 (a selective beta 2-adreno...

OBJECTIVE The first goal of this study was to determine the effect of diabetes mellitus on agonist-induced increases in venular macromolecular permeability of the hamster cheek pouch. The second goal was examine the role for an alteration in the availability of L-arginine to nitric oxide synthase in impaired agonist-induced increases in macromolecular permeability during diabetes. METHODS We ...

A 45 years old non-diabetic normotensive male presented with vomiting, watery diarrhoea and fever of acute onset. On examination, he was febrile, toxic and mildly dehydrated. His pulse was llO/min and blood pressure 96/70 mmHg. The abdominal examination revealed no organomegaly, no distension, vague diffuse tenderness on deep palpation and normal bowel sounds. There was no other abnormality det...

Sudden onset haematemesis occurred in a 52-year old male with oesophageal cancer. Computed tomography showed an aorto-oesophageal fistula with contrast extravasation from the aorta. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair with stent graft was done. The haematemesis stopped postoperatively, but follow-up images (Fig. 1) showed persistent contrast extravasation. The patient died of another episode of...

The combination of vasodilation and protein extravasation following activation of nociceptors has been termed "neurogenic inflammation." In contrast to rodents, no neurogenic protein extravasation can be elicited in healthy human skin. Dermal microdialysis has considerably increased our knowledge about neurogenic inflammation in human skin, including the involvement of mast cells.

A case of acute compartment syndrome of the forearm, resulting from contrast dye extravasation that presented as upper extremity ischemia, is described. Timely surgical intervention resulted in an excellent outcome. When extravasation of dye occurs, the patient should be evaluated for compartment syndrome despite the possible lack of typical symptoms.