We measure the extinction law in a galaxy’s spiral arm and interarm regions using a visual and infrared (BVRJHK) imaging study of the interacting galaxies NGC 2207 and IC 2163. This is an overlapping spiral galaxy pair in which NGC 2207 partially occults IC 2163. This geometry enables us to directly measure the extinction of light from the background galaxy as it passes through the disk of the ...

Lidar networks are essential to study the three-dimensional distribution of aerosols on a regional scale. At present, both Mie-scattering lidar (ML) and advanced lidars being used in networks. The latter can retrieve extinction coefficients without strict assumptions ratio, such as Raman (RL) or high-spectral-resolution (HSRL). In order balance data quality instrument costs for network, ratio t...

Nonvolatile compact on-chip optical filters with a tunable spectral response are required in low-power communication systems and applications. By capping phase change materials (PCMs) films on phase-shifted Bragg grating (PSBG), the key parameters of filter such as center wavelength extinction ratio can be tuned simultaneously for filtering or processing purposes. A 9 nm shift, amplitude modula...