background: the impact of treatment on cancer patients’ quality of life (qol) has been the focus of a variety of longitudinal studies in english literature for past decade. the measurement of patient-reported outcomes which includes health-related quality of life is a new important initiative which has emerged and grown over the past three decades. following the development of reliable and vali...

BACKGROUND Arterial restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) significantly reduces its therapeutic efficacy in treating lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive diseases (LEAOD). Early external X-ray external radiation has demonstrated positive effects on restenosis; however, effective dosing and the mechanism(s) underlying its efficacy remain unknown. This study explored t...

introduction: one of the sources of natural occurring radiation was soils. the purpose of article was to determine soil pollution by radiation absorbed dose rate, radium equivalent activity, external hazard index, annual gonad dose equivalent and annual effective dose equivalent. methods & materials: the soil samples was located in chahbahar city in blouchestan of iran, was chosen for studying ...

The purpose of radiation therapy for unresectable biliary tract cancer is to prolong survival or prolong stent patency, and to provide palliation of pain. For unresectable bile duct cancer, there are a number of studies showing that radiation therapy is superior to the best supportive care. Although radiation therapy is used in many institutions, no large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) hav...

"Stereotactic" is an exact radiotherapy treatment modality which implements invasive and non-invasive facilities for improving precise dose delivery. Stereotactic refers to three-dimensional localization of a specific point in space by a unique set of coordinates that relate to a fixed external reference frame. An accurate delivery of radiation is attainable using these techniques with high pre...

Under the terms of development of specialized system for transmissions of analogue high frequency signals by means of optical fibres, the source of coherent infrared radiation has been designed and manufactured. The source has to excite Mach–Zehnder type external intensity electro-optical modulator. That is why the generated radiation has to meet certain requirements. Rigorously constant optica...

June 01, 2008 External-beam radiation is a highly effective curative treatment option for men with localized prostate cancer.[1,2] Over the past several decades, efforts have been made to improve the “therapeutic ratio” of radiation by increasing dose to improve cure rates without causing a substantial increase in side effects. Due to its potential to create superior dose distributions, proton ...

pomegranate fruit maturity status is commonly assessed based on external (skin) colour, juice colour and acidity of juice. some researchers have studied the correlation between the parameters of the skin colour and acidity, total soluble solids, citric acid and anthocyanins. this study describes the relationship existing between solar radiation and a colorimetric maturity index in the pomegrana...

Charged particles in the geodesic trajectory of an external gravitational eld do not emit electromagnetic radiation. This is expected from the application of the equivalence principle. We show here that charged particles propagating in an external gravitational eld with non-zero components of the Ricci tensor can emit radiation by the Cerenkov process. The external gravitational eld acts like a...