This letter investigates the model based position control of soft growing robots with pneumatic actuation that extend according to principle known as eversion. A dynamical system which accounts for energy ideal gas is presented by employing port-Hamiltonian formulation. new law constructed an shaping approach. An adaptive observer employed compensate effect external forces, including gravity. N...

BACKGROUND To investigate the effects of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) on the survival of patients with resected stage IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS A total of 3,334 patients with resected stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC in 2004 to 2013 were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database and stratified according to use of PORT. Propensity score-matching (...

Postoperative radiotherapy (PORT), especially using modern technology, for patients with stage IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is controversial. We retrospectively investigated 112 patients with stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC who underwent complete resection of the lung tumor in our institution from 1986 through 2003. Among the 91 patients determined suitable candidates for PORT postoperatively...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Since the first successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy with the establishment of pneumoperitoneum in France by Mouret in 1987, it has become the golden standard for cholecystectomy. Generally techniques with four trocars have been used with surgeons but some of them prefer 3-trocar techniques. Our aim is to compare the clinical outcomes of three- and four-port techniques prospe...

Introduction: In conventional Laparoscopic Appendicectomy, three ports are used wherein both the subumbilical and supra-pubic port sites are hidden the by the natural camouflages and the only visible scar is the third port in the iliac fossa. The third port scar can be made invisible by using a needle port for trans-parietal appendicular traction. Materials and Methods: From January 2013 to May...

Introduction Single-port laparoscopic surgery has some advantages, including improved cosmetic outcomes and minimized parietal trauma. However, pure single-port laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery is challenging because of the difficulties in creating triangulation and applying the laparoscopic staplers with sufficient distal margins in the narrow pelvic cavity. Recently, a reduced-port robotic ...

Testing two-port memories requires the use of single-port tests as well as special two-port tests; the test strategy determines which tests have to be used. Many two-port memories have ports which are read-only or write-only; this impacts the possible tests for single-port and two-port memories, as well as the test strategy. This paper discusses the consequences of the port restrictions (read-o...

Testing two-port memories requires the use of single-port tests as well as special two-port tests; the test strategy determines which tests to be used. Many two-port memories have ports which are read-only or write-only; this impacts the possible fault models, the tests for single-port and two-port memories, as well as the test strategy. This paper presents a test strategy for two-port memories...