and includes sites of high botanical interest. From 2000 to 2004, volunteers sent by the environmental charity Earthwatch helped to gather biodiversity data to back the scientific case for the sanctuary. Using this research, Earthwatch and NCRC demonstrated to the tribal chiefs that the creation of a sanctuary would provide a profitable alternative to unsustainable hunting and fishing. Investme...

From the large amount of web photos and other meta knowledge, recognizing landmark images has been actively studied in recent years. Previous landmark recognition research based on visual similarities have several limitations in terms of sparseness, efficiency and functionality. In this paper, I proposed a landmark hierarchy which consists of images, geographical clusters, visual clusters and t...

The new generation of expanded audit reports includes disclosures about significant matters in a company’s financial reporting and its audit. These are landmark change auditors’ responsibility to provide information the public. I examine various jurisdictions, why they became mandatory, what evidence from their implementation is, whether have fulfilled expectations regulators other stakeholders...

We present a simple artificial landmark model and a robust tracking algorithm for the navigation of indoor mobile robots. The landmark model is designed to have a three-dimensional structure consisting of a multicolored planar pattern. A stochastic algorithm based on Condensation [1] tracks the landmark model robustly using the color distribution of the pattern . A new selflocalization algorith...

We present a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) design for facial landmark coordinate regression. We examine the intermediate features of a standard CNN trained for landmark detection and show that features extracted from later, more specialized layers capture rough landmark locations. This provides a natural means of applying differential treatment midway through the network, tweaking pr...

Two experiments distinguished different landmark knowledge of human adults at decision points. Participants learned a route in a virtual city once or for five times. One distinctive landmark was placed at each intersection of the route. At test, participants were released at each intersection according to the learning order and were required to determine the turning direction. At each intersect...

A new method named Landmark Model Matching was recently proposed for fully automatic face recognition. It was inspired by Elastic Bunch Graph Matching and Active Shape Model. Landmark Model Matching consists of four phases: creation of the landmark distribution model, face finding, landmark finding, and recognition. A drawback in Landmark Model Matching is that, in the recognition phase, the we...

Landmarks (LMs) are state features that need to be made true or tasks contained in every solution of a planning problem. They valuable source information and can exploited various ways. LMs have been used both classical hierarchical planning, but while there is much work the techniques less evolved. We introduce novel LM generation method for Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) show it sound incomp...