Among agricultural products in Iran, pistachio is one of the major export products that can produce foreign currency. The present study evaluated factors affecting pistachio export earnings instability and its effect on agricultural export during the studied period. For this purpose, export earnings instability index was calculated using "average absolute difference between export earnings and ...

Developing country officials increasingly have come to see attracting foreign direct investment as an essential part of their development strategies. The Andean countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela have joined other countries around the world in pursuing multinational investment. This paper presents an overview of their suitability for investment compared to other invest...

During the process of economic development, different economic policies are adopted in accordance with particular circumstances. Therefore, conventional methods of time-series analysis may give misleading results if the problems associated with regime switches are not considered. The relationship between export growth and output growth is explored using a multivariate threshold model with regim...

Plantations have long been justified by moral and racial hierarchies that value specialised, export-oriented producers over domestic or subsistence-oriented producers. In this paper, I associate hierarchy with the neoliberal economy, explain its roots in classical political provide examples of workings argue Covid-19 crisis provides a crucial opportunity to debunk economy. Collective experience...

This paper examines institutional support (financial and marketing support) on export-oriented firms’ performance or so-called born globals. We develop a model to address how financial can help young entrepreneurial firms overcome the liability of newness smallness in gaining competitive capabilities. Using quantitative method, data were collected from 217 manufacturers service sectors Malaysia...

This research study is related to FDI and GDP and the main aim of this research study is to validate the relationship between them. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is considered as a growth accelerating component that has received a great attention in developed countries even in developing and less developed countries during recent years. Now FDI has greater importance in closed economy. FDI be...

Although organic rice is a niche market in Pakistan, it has exhibited enormous potential for growth export-oriented production. Since contract farming the leading promoter of production Punjab, improving technical efficiency smallholder farmers through holds sufficient potential. This work examines influence participation on farmers’ using cross-sectional data set 650 respondents. We applied st...