Diversity in rural incomes Although the agricultural sector has tended to receive most policy attention in rural areas, the rural poor derive their income from multiple sources – even in relatively undiversified economies. Notwithstanding problems with data reliability and comparability, there is growing evidence that, in sub-Saharan Africa, rural households commonly depend on non-farm sources ...

A draft report of the results of the IALS in December 1995 revealed concerns about the comparability and reliability of the data, and the methodological and operational differences between the various countries. In particular, France withdrew from the reporting stage of the study and the European Commission instigated a study of the EU dimension of IALS. The present paper is based upon a fuller...

introduction: since human resources in organizations are the most important factors of effectiveness and efficiency, identification of the factors affecting the performance and response of personnel, including intraorganizational changes in management levels is very important. therefore the goal of this research was to determine the effects of organizational changes on employee's reaction of he...

This paper investigates the relationship between accounting comparability, executive compensation, conditional and unconditional conservatism, information quality. The findings suggest that conservatism comparability have a positive significant impact on compensation. Moreover, accrual earnings management can strengthen whereas this is not case with actual management. Unconditional however, doe...