Optic flow on the retina creates a perception of a person's movement relative to their surroundings. This study investigated the effect of optic flow on perceived exertion during cycling. Fifteen participants completed a 20-km reference cycling time trail in the fastest possible time followed by three randomly counterbalanced 20-km cycling trials. Optic flow, via projected video footage of a cy...

background: the present study examines the effects of iranian traditional music and western classical music during 20 min of pedaling on an ergometer, along with the normal factors of profile of mood states and rate of perceived exertion. methods: seventeen non-athlete participants (11 men and six women) with a mean age of 26±1.5 cycled in three conditions: exposure to iranian traditional music...

The intent of this investigation was to examine the potential influence of varying durations of physical exertion at different times of the day on immediate mathematical performance by 120 sixth-grade boys and girls. Subjects were assigned to two control and two treatment groups (Solomon Four-group Design), with treated subjects administered physical exertion (paced walking at controlled modera...

This study assessed whether video self-modeling improves running performance and influences the rate of perceived exertion and heart rate response. Twelve men (M age=26.8 yr., SD=6; M body mass index=22.1 kg.m(-2), SD=1) performed a time to exhaustion running test at 100 percent maximal aerobic velocity while focusing on a video self-modeling loop to synchronize their stride. Compared to the co...

conclusions independent of their level, professional soccer players, need 48 hours to recover after an official match. professionals gain more fatigue than young players after a match, but recover as fast. thus, they recover more efficiently especially due to a better physical condition and fitness training. it is expected that the results showed in the study help elite soccer and fitness coach...