Recent phylogenetic and molecular data are changing our knowledge about the relations between species evolutionary processes resulting in chromosome variation observed ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Ants exhibit remarkable variations morphology, behavior, karyotypes, structure. By assembling genetic information trap-jaw from subfamily Ponerinae, we reconstructed relationships that inferred mon...

Abstract Background Globally, millions of people suffer from repeated fungal infections affecting the skin, keratinized tissues, and mucosal membranes. Approximately 1.7 million cases result in death with an elevated incidence rate among immunocompromised that may later severe infections. Among causative agents, Candida albicans are most prevalent fungi inducing subcutaneous to invasive candidi...

Objective: Depression is an affective disorder characterized by a change in mood, lack of confidence, interest surroundings and many natural products that have been tried to treat the disease. The study was aimed evaluate compare antidepressant activity methanol leave extract SapindusemarginatusVahl. (MESE) Acoruscalamus Linn. (MEAC) experimental models albino mice.
 Methods: Methanol Extr...

reports on distribution and abundance of bats from iran exist since mid-nineteen century, but studies on this subject are very scarce and have been conducted very infrequently by european biologists who visited iran occasionally. until now, six caves have been investigated and eight species of cave-dwelling bats have been reported from ilam province in south-western iran. the present paper has ...