Spontaneous ordering of nanoparticles (NPs) occurring as a consequence of solvent evaporation can yield highly ordered and extended NP superlattices bearing both fundamental scientific interest and potential for technological application. A versatile experimental chamber has been developed allowing (i) controlled in situ deposition of NP solutions on solid substrates, (ii) rate-controlled evapo...

The analysis of conformational changes of hydrocarbon molecules is imperative in the prediction of their transport properties in different phases, such as evaporation/condensation coefficients (β) in the gas-liquid interface and evaporation rates of fuel droplets (k) in multiphases. In this letter, we analyze the effects of entropic contributions (T∆Sev(T)) to ∆Gev(T) during the evaporation/con...

We use a combination of tandem ion mobility spectrometry (IMS-IMS, with differential mobility analyzers), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and analytical models to examine both neutral solvent (H2O) and ion (solvated Na(+)) evaporation from aqueous sodium chloride nanodrops. For experiments, nanodrops were produced via electrospray ionization (ESI) of an aqueous sodium chloride solution. Tw...

Present investigation describes preparation of microspheres by solvent evaporation and W/O emulsion solvent evaporation methods followed by in vitro characterization of microspheres to evaluate the effect of method of preparation on physical properties and drug release profile of microspheres. The microspheres were found to be discrete, spherical with free flowing properties. The morphology (Sc...

The oxygen isotopes of water (H2O and H2O) are tracers widely used for the investigation of Earth science problems. The tracer applications are based on the premise that the O/O ratio of open-water evaporation (δOE) can be calculated from environmental conditions. A long-standing issue concerns the role of kinetic fractionation, or diffusion transport, in the evaporation process. Here we deploy...

Using molecular dynamics simulation, we study the evaporation of water molecules off partially solvated ubiquitin. The evaporation and cooling rates are determined for a molecule at the initial temperature of 300 K. The cooling rate is found to be around 3 K/ns, and decreases with water temperature in the course of the evaporation. The conformation changes are monitored by studying a variety of...

The extra-solar planet HD209458b has been found to have an extended atmosphere of escaping atomic hydrogen (Vidal-Madjar et al. 2003), suggesting that “hot Jupiters” closer to their parent stars could evaporate. Here we estimate the atmospheric escape (so called evaporation rate) from hot Jupiters and their corresponding life time against evaporation. The calculated evaporation rate of HD209458...

The evaporation rate of D2O has been determined by Raman thermometry of a droplet train (12–15μm diameter) injected into vacuum (∼10−5 torr). The cooling rate measured as a function of time in vacuum was fit to a model that accounts for temperature gradients between the surface and the core of the droplets, yielding an evaporation coefficient (γe) of 0.57±0.06. This is nearly identical to that ...

Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the evaporation of nanoscale water on hydrophobic-hydrophilic patterned surfaces is unexpectedly faster than that on any surfaces with uniform wettability. The key to this phenomenon is that, on the patterned surface, the evaporation rate from the hydrophilic region only slightly decreases due to the correspondingly increased water thickness; m...

The morphology of solution-cast, phase-separated polymers becomes finer with increasing solvent evaporation rate. We address this observation theoretically for a model polymer where demixing is induced by steady solvent evaporation. In contrast to what is the case for a classical, thermal quench involving immiscible blends, the spinodal instability initially develops slowly and the associated l...