‎In this paper‎, ‎the fractional--order form of three dimensional chemostat model with variable yields is introduced‎. ‎The stability analysis of this fractional system is discussed in detail‎. ‎In order to study the dynamic behaviours of the mentioned fractional system‎, ‎the well known nonstandard (NSFD) scheme is implemented‎. ‎The proposed NSFD scheme is compared with the forward Euler and ...

We give an elementary derivation of the Montgomery phase formula for the motion of an Euler top, using only basic facts about the Euler equation and parallel transport on the 2-sphere (whose holonomy is seen to be responsible for the geometric phase). We also give an approximate geometric interpretation of the geometric phase for motions starting close to an unstable equilibrium point. Introduc...