[GAEDKE, U. & BARTHELMESS, T. & STRAlLE, D. (1996): Temporal variability of standing stocks of individual species, communities, and the entire plankton in two lakes of different trophic state: empirical evidence for hierarchy theory and emergent properties? Senckenbergiana marit. 27 (3/6): 169-177,2 figs., 3 tabs.; Frankfurt a. M.] Hierarchy theory claims that the structure and function of ecos...

One of the most intriguing patterns in the biosphere is the similarity of the atomic nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio (N:P) = 16 found in waters throughout the deep ocean and in the plankton in the upper ocean. Although A.C. Redfield proposed in 1934 that the intracellular properties of plankton were central to this pattern, no theoretical significance for N:P = 16 in cells had been found. Here, we...

Plankton seasonal succession is a classic example of nonequilibrium community dynamics. Despite the fact that it has been well studied empirically, it lacks a general quantitative theory. Here we investigate a food web model that includes a resource, two phytoplankton, and a shared grazer-the diamond food web-in a seasonal environment. The model produces a number of successional trajectories th...

Rising anthropogenic CO2 emissions are anticipated to drive change to ocean ecosystems, but a conceptualization of biological change derived from quantitative analyses is lacking. Derived from multiple ecosystems and latitudes, our metaanalysis of 632 published experiments quantified the direction and magnitude of ecological change resulting from ocean acidification and warming to conceptualize...

Abstract Using a stable isotope two- and three-source mixing model, we evaluated trophic contributions of reservoir-derived plankton, epilithon, terrestrial leaves to stream macroinvertebrates at two dam upstream four outlet reaches. We compared different habitat types co-occurring within the reaches: lotic habitat, bar-head lentic bar-tail isolated pond on sandy bars. Filter-feeders, which pro...

Present automated systems for counting and measunng marine plankton include flow cytometers and in situ plankton video recorders. Neither of these approaches are optimal for the microplankton cells which range in size from 20 to 200 pm and can be fewer than 104 1". We describe here an instrument designed for rapid counting, imaging and measuring of individual cells and particles in the micropla...

Bacteria and Archaea of the air-water surface microlayer (neuston) and plankton from three high mountain lakes (Limnological Observatory of the Pyrenees, Spain) were analysed by 16S rRNA gene 454 pyrosequencing (V6 region) in two dates with different atmospheric aerosol loading conditions: (1) under a Saharan dust plume driven by southern winds; and (2) under northern winds with oceanic influen...

This study is the first detailed investigation of the diversity, distribution and potential grazing impacts of Protoperidinium spp. in relation to the hydrography and phytoplankton distributions off the southwestern coast of Ireland. In late July 2003, the area was well stratified, and the Irish Shelf Front was apparent as a strong salinity front offshore. Thirty-two species of Protoperidinium ...

A survey of the production of polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUA) of manipulated plankton communities is presented here. PUA are phytoplankton-derived metabolites that are proposed to play an important role in chemically mediated plankton interactions. Blooms of different intensities of the diatom Skeletonema marinoi were generated in eight mesocosms filled with water from the surrounding fjord by ...

The Mediterranean Sea is a vulnerable region for climate change, warming at higher rates compare to the global ocean. Warming leads to increased stratification of the water column and enhanced the oligotrophic nature of the Mediterranean Sea. The oligotrophic waters are already highly transparent, however, exposure of Mediterranean plankton to ultraviolet radiation (UV-B and UV-A) may increase ...