Objectives: Zizyphus lotus L. is a medicinal plant, used in traditional medicine for its multiple therapeutic properties. The aim of the present study was to determine the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of aqueous extracts of different parts of Zizyphus lotus in diabetic Wistar rats. Research methods and procedures: The male Wistar rats were rendered diabetic by intraperitoneal (i.p.) inj...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by insufficient production of insulin by pancreatic gland and decrease in absorption glucose by the muscles in the systems and caused increase the concentration of glucose in blood [1]. It is also produced due to the hereditary characters. Due to increase glucose level in blood causes various deficiencies and hampers the normal Physiological ef...

In one carbon reaction, tetrahydrofolate works as cofactor for the synthesis of glycine, serine, methionine, purines and thymidylate. Folate or vitamin B9 is not synthesized in humans therefore plants are the main source of this essential vitamin. Deficiency of vitamin B9 may cause severe health consequences like birth defects, megaloblastic anemia, cardiovascular disorders, cancers, etc. To re...

We report development of the first genetically encoded bioluminescent indicator for membrane voltage called LOTUS-V. Since it is bioluminescent, imaging LOTUS-V does not require external light illumination. This allows bidirectional optogenetic control of cellular activity triggered by Channelrhodopsin2 and Halorhodopsin during voltage imaging. The other advantage of LOTUS-V is the robustness o...

Neural circuitry formation depends on the molecular control of axonal projection during development. By screening with fluorophore-assisted light inactivation in the developing mouse brain, we identified cartilage acidic protein-1B as a key molecule for lateral olfactory tract (LOT) formation and named it LOT usher substance (LOTUS). We further identified Nogo receptor-1 (NgR1) as a LOTUS-bindi...

Indigenous knowledge of wild and cultivated plant use is linked to local culture and history. It should be regarded as a body of knowledge that has continually developed over time without the outside assistance of formal science. Pakistan has 18 different types of ecological zones with a variety of habitat types like the coastal Mangrove forests, the desert subtropical foothills dry and moist a...