Steroid hormones are found to play a major role in the genesis and progression of mammary tumors. The aim of this study was to immunohistochemically detect the presence of estrogen receptor alpha (ER α ), estrogen receptor beta (ER β ), and progesterone receptor (PR) and also to study the association between these markers in 29 cases of benign (11) and malignant (18) canine mammary tumors. ER α...

Background: Estrogen is recognized as one of the significant regulator of spermatogenesis. Estrogens are synthesized in the male reproductive system (sertoli and leydig cells). Estrogen function is mediated by estrogen receptors (ER-α or ER-β). Some studies have suggested an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2234693 (ESR1 pvuII C>T), rs1801132 (ESR1 325 C->G) of ERα g...

objective(s): estrogen receptor-alpha (erα) mediates estrogen action in regulation of different levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis. it has a key role in spermatogenesis. estrogen receptor alpha knock-out (er koα) male mice were infertile and severe impairment in spermatogenesis and seminiferous tubules was observed. recently, it has been reported that microrna (mirna) mir-100 and ...

CITED1, a CBP/p300-binding nuclear protein that does not bind directly to DNA, is a transcriptional coregulator. Here, we show evidence that CITED1 functions as a selective coactivator for estrogen-dependent transcription. When transfected, CITED1 enhanced transcriptional activation by the ligand-binding/AF2 domain of both estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) and ERbeta in an estrogen-dependent ma...

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is an industrial xenoestrogen used widely in our living environment. Recently, several studies suggested that BPA has destructive effects on DNA and chromosomes in normal body cells via estrogen receptors (ER). Therefore, BPA could be considered as an important mediator in many diseases such as cancer. However, there are still many controversial issues which need clarification...

Endometriosis and fibroids are estrogen-dependent benign pathologies of the uterus, which account for infertility and pelvic pain along with dysmenorrhea in women. Suppression of the disease and recurrence after discontinuing hormone therapy strongly suggests that these are responsive to hormones, especially estrogen, which acts via its receptor. A T/C SNP in intron 1 and exon 2 boundary of est...

Studies increasingly indicate that dietary indole-3-carbinol (I3C) prevents the development of estrogen-enhanced cancers including breast, endometrial and cervical cancers. Epidemiological, laboratory, animal and translational studies support the efficacy of I3C. Whereas estrogen increases the growth and survival of tumors, I3C causes growth arrest and increased apoptosis and ameliorates the ef...

To investigate the phenotype associated with estrogen receptor alpha (ER) expression in breast carcinoma, gene expression profiles of 58 node-negative breast carcinomas discordant for ER status were determined using DNA microarray technology. Using artificial neural networks as well as standard hierarchical clustering techniques, the tumors could be classified according to ER status, and a list...

To elucidate the possible role of genetic variation in androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha), and ER beta on serum androgen levels in premenopausal women, the CAG repeat polymorphism of the AR gene, the TA repeat polymorphism of the ER alpha gene, and the CA repeat polymorphism of the ER beta gene were studied in a population-based cohort of 270 women. Total testosterone, f...

To assess the feasibility of using estrogen receptor-directed therapy with Auger electron-emitting ligands for therapy of estrogen receptor (ER)-containing cancers, we synthesized and evaluated the radiotoxicity of several 123I-labeled estrogens to specifically kill ER+ cells in culture. Auger electrons have been previously shown to be of short range, generally less than the dimensions of a cel...