Robust adaptive estimation of unknown parameter has been an important issue in recent years for reliable operation in the distributed networks. The conventional adaptive estimation algorithms that rely on mean square error (MSE) criterion exhibit good performance in the presence of Gaussian noise, but their performance drastically decreases under impulsive noise. In this paper, we propose a rob...

  Objective(s): In SPECT, the sinogram contains scatter and lack of attenuated counts that degrade the reconstructed image quality and quantity. Many techniques for attenuation and scatter correction have been proposed. An acceptable method of correction is to incorporate effects into an iterative statistical reconstruction. Here, we propose new Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximiz...

We consider the problem of recovering a high-dimensional structured signal from independent Gaussian linear measurements each of which is quantized to b bits. Our interest is in linear approaches to signal recovery, where “linear” means that non-linearity resulting from quantization is ignored and the observations are treated as if they arose from a linear measurement model. Specifically, the f...

BACKGROUND Medication errors are considered to be a serious threat to patients' safety. Efforts to detect and prevent these errors have increased considerably in recent years. AIM To determine the incidence and reporting rate of medication errors as reported by Iranian nurses and their relationship with work conditions in hospitals under the authority of Iran University of Medical Sciences. ...

BACKGROUND Disclosure of medical errors is encouraged, but research on how patients respond to specific practices is limited. OBJECTIVE This study sought to determine whether full disclosure, an existing positive physician-patient relationship, an offer to waive associated costs, and the severity of the clinical outcome influenced patients' responses to medical errors. PARTICIPANTS Four hun...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of this review was to explore what is known about interruptions and distractions on medication administration in the context of undergraduate nurse education. BACKGROUND Incidents and errors during the process of medication administration continue to be a substantial patient safety issue in health care settings internationally. Interruptions to the medication a...

Medication error is an issue that no hospital is immune from, leading to 7,000 deaths and 1.3 million patient injuries each year. The purpose of this study was to decrease the risk and occurrence of medication errors by analyzing the hospital pharmacy. Task analyses were performed and it was found that communication, expectation, and procedural issues were leading to the occurrence of the most ...

The accuracy of computed traveltimes in a velocity model plays crucial role localization microseismic events. conventional approach usually utilizes robust fast sweeping or marching methods to solve the eikonal equation numerically with finite-difference scheme. These introduce traveltime errors that strongly depend on direction wave propagation. Such error results moveout changes and introduce...