Medical education in North America changed dramatically during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Although American medical schools had begun to establish ties with major universities in the 870s,1 few physicians in this country had any meaningful exposure to high quality basic science. According to William G. Rothstein,2 there were 65 medical schools in 860, 75 in 870, 00 i...

Approved: ____________________________________ Ernest T. Pascarella ____________________________________ Professor, Educational Policy and Leadership Studies ____________________________________ Date