The dual band microstrip antenna is realized by placing the open circuit stub or by cutting the slot inside the patch. The compact microstrip antenna is realized by placing the shorting post or plate along the zero field line at the fundamental mode of the patch. In this paper, a compact variation of equilateral triangular microstrip antenna, a shorted 600 sectoral microstrip antenna is discuss...

Mass transfer data were obtained in circular conduit using an electrochemical technique with a potassium ferri-ferro cyanide couple. In circular conduit coaxially placed entry region equilateral triangular plate was used as turbulence promoter. The study comprised of evaluation of mass transfer rates at the outer wall of the electrochemical cell. Mass transfer coefficients were evaluated from t...

A point set X in the Euclidean plane is called a k-distance set if there are exactly k different distances between distinct points in X. Let g(k) denote the maximum number of points in a k-distance set. For example, it is well known that g(1) = 3, realized by the three vertices of an equilateral triangle. Erdős and Fishburn [2] introduce the problem of determining g(k). To date only six values ...

Terrains can be rendered efficiently with rectangular 2D grid of heights. Terrain on spheres, on the other hand, can be rendered using Hierarchical Triangular Mesh (HTM) but the representation does not fit directly with 2D grid of heights. We present a unified representation of HTM and clipmapping using Hexagonal Geometry Clipmaps. This provides one to one correspondence of vertices and heights...

The ability of observers to perceive distances and spatial relationships in outdoor environments was investigated in two experiments. In experiment 1, the observers adjusted triangular configurations to appear equilateral, while in experiment 2, they adjusted the depth of triangles to match their base width. The results of both experiments revealed that there are large individual differences in...

We investigate granular column collapses with different cross-sections and associate the cross-section shape influence a finite-size analysis. Previous research, confined to initially circular configurations, reviewed importance of collapse studies concluded that run-out distance scales initial aspect ratio. In this work, columns three types (square, equilateral triangular, rectangular cross-se...

How do toddlers learn the names of geometric forms? Past work suggests that preschoolers have fragmentary knowledge and that defining properties are not understood until well into elementary school. The current study investigates when children first begin to understand shape names and how they apply those labels to unusual instances. We tested 25- and 30-month-old children's (N = 30 each) under...

This paper describes an interactive control algorithm, called Triangle Formation Algorithm (TFA), used for three neighboring robotic sensors which are distributed randomly to self-organize into and equilateral triangle (E) formation. The algorithm is proposed based on the triangular geometry and considering the actual sensors used in robotics. In particular, the stability of the TFA, which can ...

Continuous conformalmaps are typically approximated numerically using a trianglemeshwhich discretizes the plane. Computing a conformal map subject to user-provided constraints then reduces to a sparse linear system, minimizing a quadratic ‘conformal energy’.We address themore general case of non-triangular elements, and provide a complete analysis of the casewhere the plane is discretized using...

We report a general strategy for designing and synthesizing inorganic nanostructures with arbitrarily prescribed three-dimensional shapes. Computationally designed DNA strands self-assemble into a stiff "nanomold" that contains a user-specified three-dimensional cavity and encloses a nucleating gold "seed." Under mild conditions, this seed grows into a larger cast structure that fills and thus ...