residual is presented by considering the effect of following factors: shape of glottal pulse, phase angles o±formants at the instant of excitation, inaccurate estimation of formants and bandwidths, zeroes in vocal tract system transfer function.

Remote backup copies of databases are often maintained to ensure availability of data even in the presence of extensive failures, for which local replication mechanisms may be inadequate. We present two versions of an epoch algorithm for maintaining a consistent remote backup copy of a database. The algorithms ensure scalability, which makes them suitable for very large databases. The correctne...

Although permanently installed global positioning system (GPS) networks are necessary when investigating many geophysical descriptors, there is still a need for epoch surveys consisting of temporarily placing GPS receivers sequentially at pre-chosen points. It is shown how the cost of carrying out an epoch survey can be reduced by using techniques within the ®eld of operational research. An epo...

In this paper, we investigate a neutral epoch during an optimisation run with complex genotype-to-fitness mapping. The behaviour of the search process during neutral epochs is of importance for evolutionary robotics and other artificial-life approaches that evolve problem solutions; recent work has argued that evolvability may change during these epochs. We investigate the distribution of offsp...

We consider an infinite-buffer single-server queue where inter-arrival times are phase-type (PH), the service is provided according to Markovian service process (MSP ), and the server may take single, exponentially distributed vacations when the queue is empty. The proposed analysis is based on roots of the associated characteristic equation of the vector-generating function (VGF) of system-len...

We calculate the effects of random density fluctuations on twoneutrino flavor transformations (ντ(μ) ⇀↽ νe) in the post-core-bounce supernova environment. In particular, we follow numerically the flavor evolution of neutrino states propagating through a stochastic field of density fluctuations. We examine the approach to neutrino flavor depolarization, and study the effects of this phenomenon i...

Using large corpora of chronologically ordered language, it is possible to explore diachronic phenomena, identifying previously unknown correlations between language usage and time periods, or epochs. We focused on a statistical approach to epoch delimitation and introduced the task of epoch characterization. We investigated the significant changes in the distribution of terms in the Google N-g...

We summarize here the first results of a new spectroscopic survey of galaxies in the Coma cluster with −20.5 < MB < −14. Differences between the last epoch of star formation (SF) activity in S0 and elliptical galaxies are discussed. Furthermore, we show that about half of all galaxies without present-day SF display signs of activity at z < 1− 2. Systematic trends of most recent SF epoch with ga...

This paper analyses a single server with bulk service queue with general arrival pattern and multiple working vacation period. The model is analyzed by using Embedded Markov Chain technique. The steady state probability distribution at pre arrival epoch and arbitrary epoch are derived and measures like mean queue length are calculated. Finally, through some numerical examples, the parametric ef...