We investigate the role of symmetric quantum cloning machines (QCMs) in quantifying mutual incompatibility observables. Specifically, we identify a cloning-based measure whereby set observables maybe quantified terms how well uniform ensemble their eigenstates can be cloned via QCM. show that this new $\mathcal{Q}_{c}$ is {\it faithful} since it vanishes only for commuting prove an upper bound ...

BACKGROUND Tumor suppressor gene (TSG) RASSF1A and candidate TSG BLU are two tandem head-to-tail genes located at 3p21.3. We hypothesized that there may be a concordance on their gene expression and promoter methylation status. If not, then there may be an insulator located between RASSF1A and BLU genes that provides a barrier activity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We first identified poten...

We address the problem of imitation learning with multi-modal demonstrations. Instead attempting to learn all modes, we argue that in many tasks it is sufficient imitate any one them. show state-of-the-art methods such as GAIL and behavior cloning, due their choice loss function, often incorrectly interpolate between modes. Our key insight minimize right divergence learner expert state-action d...

Background In cancer cells, transcriptional gene silencing has been associated with genetic and epigenetic defects. The disruption of DNA methylation patterns and covalent histone marks has been associated with cancer development. In non-neoplastic cells the multifunctional CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) can serve as a barrier against the spread of DNA methylation and histone repressive marks into...

Background: For several years, mammalian cloning by splitting an early embryo or nuclear transfer into oocytes method has been successfully performed. Cloning is now also possible using adult somatic cells. Although it has now been 15 years since the first cloned mammals were generated from somatic cells using nuclear transfer (NT), the success rate for producing live offspring by cloning is lo...

Microglia is the effector cell of the innate immune system in central nervous system (CNS). These cells mediate inflammatory responses in injuries. Besides external factors, microglial function is also controlled by internal factors, including epigenetic regulations. Mechanisms of epigenetic regulation mainly consist of DNA methylation, histone modifications and use of non-coding RNAs. Recent s...