Membranous nephropathy represents the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adult patients. In 85% of cases the disease is classified as idiopathic membranous nephropathy, and in the remainder 15 % as secondary membranous nephropathy (systemic lupus erythematosus, infections, drugs, tumors, inorganics salts). Treatment of secondary membranous nephropathy is guided by therapy of the origina...

Eosinophilic digestive disease (EDD) includes a broad spectrum of clinical presentations due to eosinophilic inflammation involving anywhere from the esophagus to the rectum. The heterogeneity in the clinical presentations of EDD is determined by the site and depth of eosinophilic infiltration. The sites of inflammation determine the nomenclature for EDD. The most well characterized of these, e...

: This review discusses the utility and limitations of model gut systems in accurately modelling mucosa digestive tract from both an anatomical functional perspective, with a particular focus on oesophagus upper tract, what this means for effective vitro oesophageal pathology. Disorders include heartburn, dysphagia, eosinophilic oesophagitis, achalasia, spasm gastroesophageal reflux disease. 3D...

Blood eosinophilia is diagnosed by an absolute eosinophil count that exceeds 0.5 × 109/L.1 Hypereosinophilia is classified as either primary, due to clonal expansion of eosinophils through acquisition of a somatic mutation (eg, FIP1L1-PDGFRA),1 or secondary, as seen in response to exogenous type 2 cytokines (eg, IL-3, IL-5, and GMCSF) secreted by various cells (eg, T-lymphocytes).2-4 Secondary ...

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare disease characterized by prominent eosinophilic tissue infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we report a case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis in an 18-year-old patient with prolonged nephrotic syndrome who presented with abdominal pain and peripheral hypereosinophilia. During the previous 2 years, he had visited local Emergency Department sever...

During chemotherapy in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy, the hepatic lesions may occur as chemotherapy-induced lesions or tumor-associated lesions, with exceptions for infectious conditions and other incidentalomas. Focal hepatic lesions arising from chemotherapy-induced hepatopathies (such as chemotherapy-induced sinusoidal injury and steatosis) and tumor-associated eosinophilic absce...

background: the aim of this study was to validate the farsi version of rome iii modular questionnaire which contains all functional gastrointestinal disorders (fgids). materials and methods: we used rome foundation guidelines for translation of english version into farsi, and all the steps were performed. in the first step, 2 forward translations into farsi were completed by two authors separat...

objectives: irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) is a common gastrointestinal disorder. due to its high prevalence and absence of curative therapy, ibs has the potential to create tremendous burden on the health care system. herein, we systematically reviewed the published literature to investigate the epidemiology of ibs in iran. methods: studies that were reviewed in this article were primarily ide...

background: functional gastrointestinal disorders (fgids) entail several distinct conditions that collectively account for a sizeable proportion of patients complaining of abdominal pain. physicians' awareness is fundamental to avoid unnecessary evaluations and to alleviate stress-related problems. this study aimed to assess the relative frequencies of fgids and related categories in a selected...