Socio-economic and environmental changes are well known causes of demographic collapse of agrarian cultures. The collapse of human societies is a complex phenomenon where historical and cultural dimensions play a key role, and they may interact with the environmental context. However, the importance of the interaction between socio-economic and climatic factors in explaining possible breakdowns...

interaction between human and his environment is always in consideration from scientists and scholars across various scientific spheres. for decades there are not any doubts that enhancement of connection between human and nature in various forms is necessarily influenced by their attitudes, feelings and perspectives toward this environment. however, examining of environmental emotions separate...

Children may be more susceptible to exposures to environmental toxins than adults and may be more vulnerable to their effects. Because of this, the health care community and those responsible for children need to be alert to possible environmental factors in identifying and responding to the health problems of children. Their focus should be on the causes of the health problem, emphasizing envi...

Climate change is a complicated issue with many factors playing role in its formation and distribution. Considering this complication, a comprehensive and holistic approach is needed for a better understanding and management of those factors. The causal frameworks are among systemic and integrated methods for addressing the causes of environmental problems and the relationships that exist betwe...

Climate change is a complicated issue with many factors playing role in its formation and distribution. Considering this complication, a comprehensive and holistic approach is needed for a better understanding and management of those factors. The causal frameworks are among systemic and integrated methods for addressing the causes of environmental problems and the relationships that exist betwe...

OBJECTIVE Three psychosocial characteristics associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD)-depression, hostility, and social support-tend to correlate with one another. However, the causes of each characteristic and why they tend to co-occur are not completely understood. Therefore, the current study used a twin design to examine the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences...

The classical twin design uses data on the variation of and covariation between monozygotic and dizygotic twins to infer underlying genetic and environmental causes of phenotypic variation in the population. By using data from additional relative classes, such as parents, extended twin family designs more comprehensively describe the causes of phenotypic variation. This article introduces an ex...

The causes and consequences of postpartum depression were explored in this paper. Researchers have found that childbirth is joyful for some women but emotionally disturbing and stressful for others. Genetic, environmental, and biological variables have been implicated as factors that influence the experience of postpartum depression among women. However, due to a lack of consensus about the rel...

Medically unexplained or functional somatic symptoms (FSS) in children constitute a major clinical problem. However, research data on FSS in young children are few, and epidemiological studies are hampered by lack of good standardised measures. The present thesis consists of two studies: In study one, we developed two measures to assess FSS in young children. The first measure is a parent i...

In 1965, Austin Bradford Hill published the article "The Environment and Disease: Association or Causation?" in the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. In the article, Hill describes nine criteria to determine if an environmental factor, especially a condition or hazard in a work environment, causes an illness. The article arose from an inaugural presidential address Hill gave at the ...