The effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (passive smoking) on pulmonary function of non-smoking, healthy Iranian men (n = 167) and women (n = 108) were investigated. There were significant reductions in % predicted FEV1 (5.7%), forced vital capacity (FVC, 4.6%) and forced expiratory flow 25-75% (FEF25-75, 9.9%) among men exposed to cigarette smoke (n = 78). The adverse effect of p...

BACKGROUND The development of whole smoke exposure systems have been driven by the fact that traditional smoke exposure techniques are based on the particulate phase of tobacco smoke and not the complete smoke aerosol. To overcome these challenges in this study, we used a Vitrocell® VC 10 whole smoke exposure system. For characterisation purposes, we determined smoke deposition in relationship ...

STUDY OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the indicators of asthma severity among children in the United States with high and low levels of tobacco smoke exposure. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Nationally representative survey of participants in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (from 1988 to 1994). PARTICIPANTS Five hundred twenty-three children with physic...

Tobacco exposure increases mortality and morbidity of the fetus, the child, the adolescent, and their children in turn. Nearly half the children in the world are exposed. Smoking is not merely personal choice or personal responsibility; those subtle phrases undermine those who have no choice in the matter. Tobacco control must take a multi-pronged attack. Smoking cessation by adults in childbea...

Our objective was to assess how exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke occurs in Hungarian homes, particularly among non-smokers, and to examine the effectiveness of home smoking bans in eliminating exposure to secondhand smoke at home. In 2009, 2286 non-smokers and smokers aged 16-70 years, who were selected randomly from a nationally representative sample of 48 Hungarian settlements, completed ...

Objective: This study set out to investigate the relationship between molecular-genetic mechanisms that modulate cytokine in infants whose parents expose them to cigarette smoke and those that do not expose their infants to cigarette smoke with the possible effects on the severity of pneumonia at presentation to hospital. Methods: This cross sectional study recruited infants and parents from a ...

components to the air that are qualitatively similar to the smoke taken into smokers’ lungs. The levels of these constituents to which nonsmokers are exposed are much lower levels to which smokers are exposed, and the levels vary depending on the amount of smoking around the nonsmoker, the architecture and ventilation of the structure, other aspects of air quality (e.g., humidity), and chemical...

OBJECTIVE Behavioral, environmental, and biological measures of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure are reviewed with special consideration of medically at-risk children. METHODS An ecological measurement framework is introduced to examine SHS exposure of children in the context of their physical and social environments. RESULTS The proposed approach emphasizes the need to measure (a) who uses ...

BACKGROUND Exposure to indoor fungus growth and tobacco smoke has been epidemiologically linked to unexplained pulmonary hemorrhage in infants. OBJECTIVE To describe the 40-day-old male infant who had been exposed to fungi for a discrete 2-week period followed by acute exposure to environmental tobacco smoke prior to development of a life-threatening pulmonary hemorrhage. PATIENT AND METHOD...

Most Americans smoke or are exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) on a daily basis. Current tobacco treatment guidelines recommend the use of the 5As model to screen and treat primary tobacco users. Evidence supports that SHS is harmful, that the diseases caused by SHS are preventable, and that public health policies and individual counseling are effective in reducing exposure. Further, smoke-free ...