Heart rate variability (HRV) is the variation of the time interval between consecutive heartbeats and depends on the extrinsic regulation of the heart rate. It can be quantified using nonlinear methods such as entropy measures, which determine the irregularity of the time intervals. In this work, approximate entropy (ApEn), sample entropy (SampEn), fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn) and fuzzy measure entr...

Entropy rate quantifies the amount of disorder in a stochastic process. For spiking neurons, the entropy rate places an upper bound on the rate at which the spike train can convey stimulus information, and a large literature has focused on the problem of estimating entropy rate from spike train data. Here we present Bayes least squares and empirical Bayesian entropy rate estimators for binary s...

The rate constrained block matching algorithm (RCBMA) jointly minimizes displaced frame difference (DFD) variance and entropy, or conditional entropy of motion vectors for determining the motion vectors. It is intended for use in low rate video coding applications, where the contribution of the motion vector rate to the overall coding rate might be significant. The DFD variance versus motion ve...

Guesswork forms the mathematical framework for quantifying computational security subject to brute-force determination by query. In this paper, we consider guesswork subject to a per-symbol Shannon entropy budget. We introduce inscrutability rate to quantify the asymptotic difficulty of guessing U out of V secret strings drawn from the string-source and prove that the inscrutability rate of any...

Characterizing how people move through space has been an important component of many disciplines. With the advent of automated data collection through GPS and other location sensing systems, researchers have the opportunity to examine human mobility at spatio-temporal resolution heretofore impossible. However, the copious and complex data collected through these logging systems can be difficult...

abstract   background: the survival curves generally have been used for analysis of cell survival under stress conditions. they depict the relationship between the fraction of cells retaining their reproductive integrity and the absorbed dose. the median lethal dose, lethal concentration, 50% (lc 50 ) of a  toxin ,  radiation , or  pathogen  is the  dose required to kill half the members of a t...

The performance of opt imum vector quantizers subject to a conditional entropy constraint is studied in this paper. This new class of vector quantizers was originally suggested by Chou and Lookabaugh. A locally optimal design of this kind of vector quantizer can be accompl ished through a general ization of the well-known entropy-constrained vector quantizer (ECVQ) algorithm. This general izati...

in this paper we introduce the concept of entropy operator for continuous systems of finite topological entropy. it is shown that it generates the kolmogorov entropy as a special case. if $phi$ is invertible then the entropy operator is bounded with the topological entropy of $phi$ as its norm.