The gene encoding the B subunit of heat-labile enterotoxin (etxB) was mutated at its 3' end by targeted addition of random nucleotide sequences. Gene products from five mutated etxB genes, all of which were shown to encode B subunits with short carboxy-terminal amino acid extensions, were analyzed with respect to a range of functional and structural properties. One class of altered B subunits, ...

Bacillus cereus sensu lato species, as well as Staphylococcus aureus, are important pathogenic bacteria which can cause foodborne illness through the production of enterotoxins. This study characterised enterotoxin genes of these species and examined growth and enterotoxin production dynamics of isolates when grown in milk or meat-based broth. All B. cereus s. l. isolates harboured nheA, hblA a...

Oxidized and reduced carboxymethylated enterotoxin B was digested with chymotrypsin. The peptides were fractionated on AGl-X2 and Dowex 5OW-X2, and further purified by paper chromatography and electrophoresis. A total of 67 pure peptides was isolated and their sequences were determined completely or partially. These peptides provide important overlaps of tryptic peptides previously isolated and...

Single and double gel-diffusion techniques were employed to examine serologically coagulase-positive staphylococci from cheese for enterotoxigenicity. Supernatant fluid from sac cultures was examined for enterotoxins A and B. The results indicated that 9 of 155 cultures from market cheese and 7 of 77 cultures from food-poisoning cheese produced enterotoxin A, and that none of the cultures produ...

We identified and analyzed 5 new-type enterotoxin genes, including SEj, SEl, SEq, SEm, and SEr, to explore the distribution of 5 enterotoxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus of different origins as well as their correlations and differences. We examined the distribution of the S. aureus enterotoxin genes and their pathogenic mechanisms. A total of 660 specimens were collected from January 2011 to...

Cholera toxin (CT), the enterotoxin secreted by Vibrio cholerae classical as well as El Tor biotypes, is the major causative agent of the acute diarrheal disease of humans. CT and the Escherichia coli heat labile enterotoxin (LT),are structurally and immunologically highly homologous,seeing that they belong to the same enterotoxin family (de Haan and Hirst, 2004; Spangler, 1992; Vanden Broeck e...

The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial resistance profiles of and the enterotoxin gene distribution in 4 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S10-2, S10-3, S12-2, and S13-2) isolated from 90 bulgogi samples. The S. aureus enterotoxin H gene (seh) was found in all the strains, while the S. aureus enterotoxin A gene (sea) was found only in 3 of the 4 strains. The S10-2 strain exp...