BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. In this regard, the role of bacterial superantigens (as an effective agent) were considered. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess staphylococcal enterotoxin E in the blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 83 blood samples of patients with RA were s...

AIMS   The aim of this study was to determine whether endophytic Bacillus cereus isolates from agronomic crops possessed genes for the nonhaemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe) and haemolysin BL (HBL) and, therefore, have the potential to cause diarrhoeal illness in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS   PCR followed by sequencing confirmed the presence of enterotoxin genes nheA, nheB, nheC, hblA, hblC, hblD in...

Sugiyama, H. (University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.), and E. M. McKissic, Jr. Leukocytic response in monkeys challenged with staphylococcal enterotoxin. J. Bacteriol. 92:349-352. 1966-The feeding of staphylococcal enterotoxin to monkeys elicited a leukocytosis which was evident within 0.5 hr of challenge. The peak neutrophilic leukocytosis was reached in 3 hr, and then subsided so that leukocyte...

Bacteroides fragilis constitutes about 1% of the bacterial flora in intestines of normal humans. Enterotoxigenic strains of B. fragilis have been associated with diarrheal diseases in humans and animals. The enterotoxin produced by these isolates induces fluid changes in ligated intestinal loops and an in vitro cytotoxic response in HT-29 cells. We developed a nested PCR to detect the enterotox...

We found that Vibrio cholerae 569B produced much more cholera enterotoxin in the presence of added carbon dioxide than in its absence. An atmosphere of 10% carbon dioxide was optimal for maximal enterotoxin production.

Sporulation and enterotoxin formation were determined for 17 strains of Clostridium perfringens type A in autoclaved chicken dark meat and in Duncan-Strong sporulation medium. The mean numbers of heat-resistant spores detected after 24 h at 37 degrees C were log10 1.13 to log10 7.64/ml in Duncan-Strong medium and log10 4.93 to log10 6.59/g in chicken. Of 17 strains, 7 formed enterotoxin in Dunc...

Inclusion bodies (IB) synthesized during sporulation and enterotoxin formation by Clostridium perfringens NCTC 8239 and 8798 were isolated and characterized. IB were isolated by disruption of sporangia by sonication in the presence of tetrasodium EDTA and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. Fractionation was carried out in a linear gradient of sodium bromide, sucrose, or diatrizoate sodium. Denaturi...

BACKGROUND Recent literature suggests that Staphylococcal enterotoxin specific IgE may be a risk factor for asthma. OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations between Staphylococcal enterotoxin sensitization and asthma. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed for relevant case-control or population-based studies, published in the peer-reviewed journals until February 2013...

The method of passive immune hemolysis of Evans and Evans (Infect. Immun. 16:604-609, 1977) for detection of heat-labile enterotoxin produced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was modified. A total of 373 strains of E. coli were tested by this method using materials obtained by treating the cells with polymyxin B and rabbit antiserum against cholera enterotoxin, purified by affinity gel colum...