The effect of fish consumption on plasma lipoprotein subfraction concentrations was studied in 22 men and women (age > 40 y). Subjects were provided an average American diet (AAD, 35% of energy as fat, 14% as saturated fat, and 35 mg cholesterol/MJ) for 6 wk before being assigned to a National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Step 2 high-fish diet (n = 11, 26% of energy as fat, 4.5% as satu...

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of energy and protein levels of maternal diets on growth, some blood parameters, health, and performance of baby goat kids at first month of life. On 95 d after successful mating, 28 synchronized singleton pregnant Sistani goats were randomly allocated to four treatments including 1) low protein and low energy (LPLE), 2) high protein and low energy ...

Some metabolic indicators of thyroid hormone activity have been investigated in rats fed on either protein-deficient or energy-restricted diets. Rats were divided into three groups. Control animals were maintained on a diet of protein energy: total energy (P:E) value of 0.20, while the low-protein group (LP) were allowed ad lib. access to food of P:E 0.03. Energy-restricted (ER) rats were given...

Background: Phenylketonuria treatment based on phenylalanine-restricted diet has proven to be effective in preventing the development of long-term neurological damage. However, such diets have occasionally been reported to hinder normal development. Furthermore, to improve outcomes in these patients therapy based on administration of the cofactor BH4 has emerged. However, little is known about ...

The complex and dynamic interactions between diet, gut microbiota (GM) structure and function, and colon carcinogenesis are only beginning to be elucidated. We examined the colonic microbiota and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in C57BL/6N female mice fed various dietary interventions (control, energy restricted and high-fat) provided during two phases (initiation and progression) of azoxymethane (AO...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential body weight-lowering effects of dietary supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and α-lipoic acid separately or combined in healthy overweight/obese women following a hypocaloric diet. METHODS This is a short-term double-blind placebo-controlled study with parallel design that lasted 10 weeks. Of the randomized participants, 97 women received the a...

BACKGROUND 'Low-carb' diets have been suggested to be effective in body weight (BW) management. However, these diets are relatively high in protein as well. OBJECTIVE To unravel whether body-weight loss and weight-maintenance depends on the high-protein or the 'low-carb' component of the diet. DESIGN Body-weight (BW), fat mass (FM), blood- and urine-parameters of 132 participants (age=50 ± ...

The prevalence of non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease (NAFLD) is associated with obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MS). This study aimed to evaluate the influence of two energy-restricted diets on non-invasive markers and scores of liver damage in obese individuals with features of MS after six months of follow-up and to assess the role of fiber content in metabolic outcomes. Seventy obe...

The foraging of yearling baboons (Papio cynocephalus) was studied in Amboseli National Park, Kenya. The nutrient content of the diets of individual females was compared with the composition of energy-maximizing optimal diets. Energy in the diets of all individuals fell appreciably short of their respective optima. Nonetheless, linear combinations of just two variables, protein intakes in excess...

Severely energy-restricted diets (SERDs) are an effective treatment for obesity, however, adherence to such is often perceived as poor by healthcare professionals. This investigation evaluated a 12-week SERD in participants with class II and III obesity. Reported food consumption was compared against individualised prescriptions. Body weight measures were obtained at baseline, 12 52 weeks. The ...