PURPOSE Protein consumption after resistance exercise potentiates muscle protein synthesis, but its effects on subsequent appetite in this context are unknown. This study examined appetite and energy intake following consumption of protein- and carbohydrate-containing drinks after resistance exercise. METHODS After familiarisation, 15 resistance training males (age 21 ± 1 years, body mass 78....

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency and pattern of energy drink consumption among medical school students, their knowledge of its effects and side effects and to see its relation with alcohol and cigarette usage. METHOD The descriptive analytical study was conducted at Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey from October 2011 and January 2012. A semi-structured questionnaire was ...

Although the ingestion of high levels of glucose might have a short acting alerting effect, there is evidence of an ensuing enhancement of sleepiness in people already sleepy. Some 'energy drinks' contain large quantity of sugars. We compared 250 ml of a well known 'energy drink' (42 g sugars, containing a low [30 mg] level of caffeine for 'flavouring') with a nil sugar nil caffeine, similar ta...

Driver sleepiness is a major cause of serious road crashes. Coffee is often used as an effective countermeasure to driver sleepiness. However, the caffeine levels in coffee are variable, whereas certain proprietary "functional energy drinks" (FEDs) contain known levels of caffeine (and other ingredients). We investigated the effectiveness of a well-known FED in reducing sleepiness in drivers. T...

BACKGROUND Whilst energy drinks improve performance and feelings of alertness, recent articles suggest that energy drink consumption combined with alcohol may reduce perception of alcohol intoxication, or lead to increased alcohol or drug use. This review discusses the available scientific evidence on the effects of mixing energy drinks with alcohol. METHODS A literature search was performed ...