The New Zealand building design industry assumes various building model inputs for the consumption of energy through lighting and appliances. It also makes assumptions regarding when these energy consumers are considered to be “turned on”. This paper aims to better inform industry energy modellers about the real load and operation of real commercial buildings in New Zealand when compared to New...

In this research, an analytical method for quantification of the thermal energy performance improvement for a building integrated photovoltaic double-skin façade has provided. The system has been suggested as a retrofit measure for an existing building in Tehran. The effect of thermal performance has been analyzed through computer-assisted developed code using engineering equation solver softwa...

In the past few decades, a wide variety of building performance assessments have been developed by a combination of mathematical models and computer-aided design (CAD) methods to increase the efficiency of building design and construction. These approaches, such as CAD, three dimensional (3D) CAD and Object-Oriented CAD systems (OOCAD), greatly help users assess the building performance because...

Building design following the energy efficiency standards may not achieve the optimal performance in terms of investment cost, energy consumption and thermal comfort. In this paper, an improved multi-objective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is combined with building simulation to assist building design optimization for five selected cities located in the hot summer and cold winter region in China....

Electrical energy usage in buildings is a challenging issue because many old were not originally built to achieve efficiency. Thus, retrofitting net-zero can benefit both the owner and electric utilities. In this study, BEC (building code) software was used evaluate aspects of retrofitted compliance with Thailand’s building code building. addition, economic also studied verify feasibility for p...