Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease (CLD). Omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants co-supplementation have been considered as an alternative treatment in NAFLD. This trial will evaluate camelina sativa oil (CSO) effects as a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants on cardiometabolic risk factors, metabolic endotoxemia, liver en...

Dysbiosis and impaired gastrointestinal barrier function have emerged as potential chronic kidney disease (CKD) modulators. Accumulation of gut-derived uremic toxins, a subsequent shift in the gut microbiome, modified expression levels intestinal tight junction proteins are all contributing factors to hyperpermeability endotoxemia CKD. Experimental studies animals provide evidence that renal de...

Acute liver injury is a clinical hallmark of endotoxemia regarding the features of septic organ failure. In this process, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 are key contributors for eliciting pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, respectively. In contrast, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) provides a defense mechanism against endotoxemia by controlling the IL-6/IL-10 balance, but how higher levels of HO-1 are ...

INTRODUCTION Severe sepsis is characterised by intravascular or extravascular infection with microbial agents, systemic inflammation and microcirculatory dysfunction, leading to tissue damage, organ failure and death. The growth factor angiopoietin (Ang-1) has therapeutic potential but recombinant Ang-1 tends to aggregate and has a short half-life in vivo. This study aimed to investigate the ac...

Sepsis-related acute kidney injury (AKI) is the leading cause of AKI in intensive care units. Endotoxin is a primary initiator of inflammatory and hemodynamic consequences of sepsis and is associated with experimental AKI. The present study was undertaken to further examine the role of the endothelium, specifically prostacyclin (PGI(2)), in the pathogenesis of endotoxemia-related AKI. A low dos...

INTRODUCTION Hypothermia during sepsis significantly impairs patient outcome in clinical practice. Severe sepsis is closely linked to activation of the coagulation system, resulting in microthrombosis and subsequent organ failure. Herein, we studied whether systemic hypothermia accelerates microvascular thrombus formation during lipopolysacharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia in vivo, and character...

Pulmonary vasoconstriction in response to alveolar hypoxia (HPV) is frequently impaired in patients with sepsis or acute respiratory distress syndrome or in animal models of endotoxemia. Pulmonary vasodilation due to overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) by NO synthase 2 (NOS2) may be responsible for this impaired HPV after administration of endotoxin (LPS). We investigated the effects of acute n...

AIMS Heme oxygenase (HO) and metallothionein (MT) genes are rapidly upregulated in the liver by pro-inflammatory cytokines and/or endotoxin as protection against cellular stress and inflammation. Gadolinium chloride (GdCl₃)-induced Kupffer cell blockade has beneficial consequences in endotoxemia following bile duct ligation. Herein we further characterized the effects of Kupffer cell inhibition...

SCOPE Fish oil-derived n-3 PUFA may improve cardiometabolic health through modulation of innate immunity. However, findings in clinical studies are conflicting. We hypothesized that n-3 PUFA supplementation would dose-dependently reduce the systemic inflammatory response to experimental endotoxemia in healthy humans. METHODS AND RESULTS The Fenofibrate and omega-3 Fatty Acid Modulation of End...

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) represent a group of highly conserved intracellular proteins that participate in protective adaptation against cellular stress. We evaluated the neuroprotective role of the 70-kDa HSP (HSP70) and the 90-kDa HSP (HSP90) at the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), the medullary origin of sympathetic vasomotor tone, during fatal endotoxemia. In Sprague-Dawley rats maint...