The existence of an endophenotype of autism spectrum condition (ASC) has been recently suggested by several commentators. It can be estimated by finding differences between controls and people with ASC that are also present when comparing controls and the unaffected siblings of ASC individuals. In this work, we used a multivariate methodology applied on magnetic resonance images to look for suc...

Late onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is moderately to highly heritable. Apolipoprotein E allele ε4 (APOE4) has been replicated consistently as an AD risk factor over many studies, and recently confirmed variants in other genes such as CLU, CR1, and PICALM each increase the lifetime risk of AD. However, much of the heritability of AD remains unexplained. AD is a complex disease that is diagnosed ...

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder characterized by hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention. It currently affects around 5% of children worldwide and frequently has long-term consequences. However, although there is a significant genetic component to ADHD, relatively few risk genes have been identified and characterized [1-3]. The drug treatments avai...

INTRODUCTION There are a lot of unresolved issues associated with the classification, diagnosis, clinical management and understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of bipolar affective disorder. AIM To search for discrete endophenotypes in BAD. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We studied various bipolar I and II and recurrent depression patient samples and healthy controls using descriptive ...

The s allele of 5-HTTLPR: a possible common link in the background of endophenotypes related to suicidal behaviours? Xenia Gonda, Konstantinos Fountoulakis, Jaanus Harro, Maurizio Pompili, Gyorgy Bagdy, Kareen K Akiskal, Hagop S Akiskal, Zoltan Rihmer From 1 International Congress on Neurobiology and Clinical Psychopharmacology and European Psychiatric Association Conference on Treatment Guidan...

Heterogeneity in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with complex interactive operations of genetic and environmental factors, is expressed in a variety of disorder manifestations: severity, co-morbidities of symptoms, and the effects of genes on phenotypes. Neurodevelopmental influences of genomic imprinting have set the stage for the structural-physiological variations that modul...