Background In patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) is the first-line diagnostic approach to exclude endometrial pathology. If a thickened endometrium suggests endometrial pathology, sonohysterography, office hysteroscopy or dilatation and curettage are the second-line tests preferred, depending on availability and on the suspected pathology, to exclude malignan...

Background: To investigate whether endometrial volume on the day of HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) administration is a predictor of ART (assisted reproductive outcome) outcome Materials and Methods: Two hundred and seven patients in ART cycle were included in this prospective study; In order to evaluate endometrial volume and its relationship to ART outcome. Endometrial volume obtained from...

A vast number of human pathologic conditions are directly or indirectly related to tissular collagen structure remodeling. The nonlinear optical microscopy second-harmonic generation has become a powerful tool for imaging biological tissues with anisotropic hyperpolarized structures, such as collagen. During the past years, several quantification methods to analyze and evaluate these images hav...

The ultimate function of the endometrium is to allow the implantation of a blastocyst and to support pregnancy. Cycles of tissue remodeling ensure that the endometrium is in a receptive state during the putative 'implantation window', the few days of each menstrual cycle when an appropriately developed blastocyst may be available to implant in the uterus. A successful pregnancy requires strict ...

The endothelin axis, comprising endothelins and their receptors, has recently emerged as relevant player in tumor growth and metastasis by regulating mitogenesis, cell survival, angiogenesis, bone remodeling, stimulation of nociceptor receptor, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion and metastatic dissemination. Endothelin-1 participates in the growth an...

Extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) play a central role in educating maternal leukocytes, endometrial stromal and endothelial cells to generate a receptive decidual microenvironment tailored to accept the semi-allogeneic fetus. HLA-G, a non-classical HLA class I molecule endowed with immune-regulatory functions, is primarily expressed on EVTs lining the placenta and on the naturally occurring tole...

OBJECTIVE To describe the endometrial pathologic lesions in premenopausal breast cancer patients with a history of tamoxifen (TMX) use. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 120 premenopausal breast cancer patients with a history of TMX use that had undergone a gynecological examination. RESULTS Among 120 patients, 44.2% (n=53) were asymptomatic with an endometrial thic...

High-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), a nuclear protein that plays a significant role in DNA architecture and transcription, was correlated with the progression of some types of cancer. However, the role of HMGB1 in endometrial cancer cell invasion and metastasis remains unexplored. HMGB1 expression was initially assessed by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-quantitative polym...

BACKGROUND It is well-known that the treatment and monitoring methods are limited for advanced stage of endometrial carcinoma. Biological molecules with expression changes during tumor progression become potential therapeutic targets for advanced stage endometrial carcinoma. Annexin A2 (ANXA2) has been reported to be overexpressed in recurrent endometrial carcinoma, and the expression of human ...

BACKGROUND In women with endometrial hyperplasia, there is a risk for co-existent endometrial cancer when patients are subjected to immediate surgical treatment. AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of endometrial cancer and the accuracy of frozen section analysis at the time of hysterectomy among patients with endometrial hyperplasia, to reveal whether or not a preoper...