Gelatin is a natural amphiphilic biopolymer that widely used in food products, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. We studied the effect of spray freeze drying on solubility amphiphilicity gelatin samples.
 The control sample was commercially produced edible gelatin. experimental samples were spray- freeze-dried gelatins obtained by enzymatic-acid hydrolysis cattle bone. Amino acid sequences d...

The long-standing challenge for forming Al-based BMGs and their matrix composites with a critical size larger than 1 mm have not been answered over the past three decades. In this paper, we reported formation of a series of BMG matrix composites which contain a high Al content up to 55 at.%. These composites can be cast at extraordinarily low cooling rates, compatible with maximum rod diameters...

As articular cartilage is avascular, and mature chondrocytes do not proliferate, cartilage lesions have a limited capacity for regeneration after severe damage. The treatment of such damage has been challenging due to the limited availability of autologous healthy cartilage and lengthy and expensive cell isolation and expansion procedures. Hence, the use of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2),...

INTRODUCTION Vertebrate bones develop through membranous or endochondral ossification. Except for craniofacial bones and the clavicle, all bones are established through the latter process (Olsen et al., 2000; Karsenty et al., 2009). At the onset of endochondral bone formation, mesenchymal cells first undergo condensation, followed by differentiation of cells within these condensations into chon...

Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary field that combines cells, biomaterial scaffolds and environmental factors to achieve functional tissue repair. This thesis focuses on the use of macroporous gelatin microcarriers as scaffolds in tissue engineering applications, with a special focus on cartilage and bone formation by human adult cells in vitro. In our first study, human articular chondr...

BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulate remodeling and regeneration of bone. Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) protein has been used clinically for periodontal regeneration, although its molecular mechanisms are not clear. We evaluated the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in regulating EMD-dependent degradation of gelatin on oeoblast-...

The basal amygdaloid complex (BAC) topographically projects to the nucleus accumbens (Acb) in patchy, inhomogeneous patterns. These termination patterns may be related to the histological features of the Acb that define the shell, core, and adjacent ventral caudate-putamen (CPv), and the ventral striatal compartments providing output to different autonomic, motor, and endocrine targets. Knowled...